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Surgery for gliomas (intrinsic brain tumors), especially when low-grade, is challenging due to the infiltrative nature of the lesion. Currently, no real-time, intra-operative, label-free and wide-field tool is available to assist and guide…

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) is a crucial non-invasive technique for exploring the microstructure of the living human brain. Traditional hand-crafted and model-based tissue microstructure reconstruction methods often require…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-26 Xinrui Ma , Jian Cheng , Wenxin Fan , Ruoyou Wu , Yongquan Ye , Shanshan Wang

Sub-diffraction resolution, gentle sample illumination, and the possibility to image in multiple colors make Structured Illumination Microscopy (SIM) an imaging technique which is particularly well suited for live cell observations. Here,…

Hyperspectral image denoising faces the challenge of multi-dimensional coupling of spatially non-uniform noise and spectral correlation interference. Existing deep learning methods mostly focus on RGB images and struggle to effectively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Haoyue Li , Di Wu

While high-resolution microscopic techniques are crucial for studying cellular structures in cell biology, obtaining such images from thick 3D engineered tissues remains challenging. In this review, we explore advancements in fluorescence…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-07 Yasaman Kargar Gaz Kooh , Nathaniel Huebsch

The task of automatically segmenting 3-D surfaces representing boundaries of objects is important for quantitative analysis of volumetric images, and plays a vital role in biomedical image analysis. Recently, graph-based methods with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-10 Abhay Shah , Michael Abramoff , Xiaodong Wu

Stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) represent a novel signal processing paradigm that enables over-the-air processing of electromagnetic waves at the speed of light. Their multi-layer architecture exhibits customizable computational…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Hao Liu , Jiancheng An , George C. Alexandropoulos , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Chau Yuen , Lu Gan

Monitoring diseases that affect the brain's structural integrity requires automated analysis of magnetic resonance (MR) images, e.g., for the evaluation of volumetric changes. However, many of the evaluation tools are optimized for…

We propose a deconvolution algorithm for images blurred and degraded by a Poisson noise. The algorithm uses a fast proximal backward-forward splitting iteration. This iteration minimizes an energy which combines a \textit{non-linear} data…

Applications · Statistics 2008-12-18 François-Xavier Dupé , Jalal Fadili , Jean Luc Starck

High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) is crucial for observing material's structural and morphological evolution at Angstrom scales, but the electron beam can alter these processes. Devices such as CMOS-based…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-04 Brian Lee , Meng Li , Judith C Yang , Dmitri N Zakharov , Xiaohui Qu

We proposed a Smartphone-based Optical Sectioning (SOS) microscope based on the HiLo technique, with a single smartphone replacing a high-cost illumination source and a camera sensor.We built our SOS with off-the-shelf optical mechanical…

Digital in-line holographic microscopy (DIHM) enables efficient and cost-effective computational quantitative phase imaging with a large field of view, making it valuable for studying cell motility, migration, and bio-microfluidics.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-25 Mikołaj Rogalski , Piotr Arcab , Luiza Stanaszek , Vicente Micó , Chao Zuo , Maciej Trusiak

Deeper convolutional neural networks provide more capacity to approximate complex mapping functions. However, increasing network depth imposes difficulties on training and increases model complexity. This paper presents a new nonlinear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-31 Ahmed Abobakr , Mohammed Hossny , Saeid Nahavandi

Since the introduction of optical coherence tomography (OCT), it has been possible to study the complex 3D morphological changes of the optic nerve head (ONH) tissues that occur along with the progression of glaucoma. Although several deep…

Image denoising is a prerequisite for downstream tasks in many fields. Low-dose and photon-counting computed tomography (CT) denoising can optimize diagnostic performance at minimized radiation dose. Supervised deep denoising methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Chuang Niu , Mengzhou Li , Fenglei Fan , Weiwen Wu , Xiaodong Guo , Qing Lyu , Ge Wang

Light-sheet microscopes must compromise between field of view, optical sectioning, resolution, and detection efficiency. High-numerical-aperture (NA) detection objective lenses provide high resolution but their narrow depth of field fails…

Nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) microscopy provide high-resolution, multimodal image representations of the identity and cell activity respectively of targeted microbial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Xiaojia He , Christof Meile , Suchendra M. Bhandarkar

Existing deep learning methods in multimode fiber (MMF) imaging often focus on simpler datasets, limiting their applicability to complex, real-world imaging tasks. These models are typically data-intensive, a challenge that becomes more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Jawaria Maqbool , M. Imran Cheema

We derive a novel closed-form lower bound on the ergodic capacity of holographic multiple-input multiple-output (HMIMO) systems enhanced by stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) under Rayleigh fading conditions. The proposed expression is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Anastasios Papazafeiropoulos , Ioannis Bartsiokas , Dimitra I. Kaklamani , Iakovos S. Venieris

Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) uses a set of images captured with different illumination patterns to computationally reconstruct resolution beyond the diffraction limit. Here, we propose an alternative approach using a single…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-17 Ruiming Cao , Guanghan Meng , Laura Waller
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