English
Related papers

Related papers: Uniform Discretized Integrated Gradients: An effec…

200 papers

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in handling complex dialogue tasks without requiring use case-specific fine-tuning. However, analyzing live dialogues in real-time necessitates low-latency processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Xuanqing Liu , Luyang Kong , Wei Niu , Afshin Khashei , Belinda Zeng , Steve Johnson , Jon Jay , Davor Golac , Matt Pope

In recent times, Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have been trained under two predominant paradigms. Generative training has enabled Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to tackle various complex tasks, yet issues such as hallucinations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Wei Chow , Juncheng Li , Qifan Yu , Kaihang Pan , Hao Fei , Zhiqi Ge , Shuai Yang , Siliang Tang , Hanwang Zhang , Qianru Sun

Gradient descent can be surprisingly good at optimizing deep neural networks without overfitting and without explicit regularization. We find that the discrete steps of gradient descent implicitly regularize models by penalizing gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-20 David G. T. Barrett , Benoit Dherin

Large language models (LLMs), renowned for their powerful conversational abilities, are widely recognized as exceptional tools in the field of education, particularly in the context of automated intelligent instruction systems for language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Kaiqi Fu , Linkai Peng , Nan Yang , Shuran Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in processing and generating human language, powered by their ability to interpret and follow instructions. However, their capabilities can be exploited through prompt injection attacks. These attacks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Xiaogeng Liu , Zhiyuan Yu , Yizhe Zhang , Ning Zhang , Chaowei Xiao

We study the problem of attributing the prediction of a deep network to its input features, a problem previously studied by several other works. We identify two fundamental axioms---Sensitivity and Implementation Invariance that attribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-14 Mukund Sundararajan , Ankur Taly , Qiqi Yan

The usual way to interpret language models (LMs) is to test their performance on different benchmarks and subsequently infer their internal processes. In this paper, we present an alternative approach, concentrating on the quality of LM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Lucas Weber , Jaap Jumelet , Elia Bruni , Dieuwke Hupkes

Intelligent learning diagnosis is a critical engine of intelligent tutoring systems, which aims to estimate learners' current knowledge mastery status and predict their future learning performance. The significant challenge with traditional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Zhifeng Wang , Wenxing Yan , Chunyan Zeng , Shi Dong

Transformer models achieve state-of-the-art performance across domains and tasks, yet their deeply layered representations make their predictions difficult to interpret. Existing explainability methods rely on final-layer attributions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Melkamu Abay Mersha , Jugal Kalita

Curating a desirable dataset for training has been the core of building highly capable large language models (Touvron et al., 2023; Achiam et al., 2023; Team et al.,2024). Gradient influence scores (Pruthi et al., 2020; Xia et al., 2024)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Zhiwei Deng , Tao Li , Yang Li

Steering, or direct manipulation of internal activations to guide LLM responses toward specific semantic concepts, is emerging as a promising avenue for both understanding how semantic concepts are stored within LLMs and advancing LLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Parmida Davarmanesh , Ashia Wilson , Adityanarayanan Radhakrishnan

Multilevel optimization has gained renewed interest in machine learning due to its promise in applications such as hyperparameter tuning and continual learning. However, existing methods struggle with the inherent difficulty of efficiently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Yuntian Gu , Xuzheng Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized lots of fields of research. Although it is well-known that fine-tuning is essential for enhancing the capabilities of LLMs, existing research suggests that there is potential redundancy in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Haoling Li , Xin Zhang , Xiao Liu , Yeyun Gong , Yifan Wang , Qi Chen , Peng Cheng

The explication of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) through xAI techniques often poses challenges in interpretation. The inherent complexity of input features, notably pixels extracted from images, engenders complex correlations.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Caroline Mazini Rodrigues , Nicolas Boutry , Laurent Najman

Deep learning frameworks allowed for a remarkable advancement in semantic segmentation, but the data hungry nature of convolutional networks has rapidly raised the demand for adaptation techniques able to transfer learned knowledge from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-26 Marco Toldo , Umberto Michieli , Pietro Zanuttigh

Most efforts in interpretability in deep learning have focused on (1) extracting explanations of a specific downstream task in relation to the input features and (2) imposing constraints on the model, often at the expense of predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Marco Bertolini , Djork-Arné Clevert , Floriane Montanari

Existing fine-grained image retrieval (FGIR) methods learn discriminative embeddings by adopting semantically sparse one-hot labels derived from category names as supervision. While effective on seen classes, such supervision overlooks the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Shijie Wang , Xin Yu , Yadan Luo , Zijian Wang , Pengfei Zhang , Zi Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on diverse benchmarks, yet existing evaluation practices largely rely on coarse summary metrics that obscure underlying reasoning abilities. In this work, we propose novel…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-17 Jia Liu , Zhiyu Xu , Yuqi Gu

There are two main approaches to the distributed representation of words: low-dimensional deep learning embeddings and high-dimensional distributional models, in which each dimension corresponds to a context word. In this paper, we combine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-02-19 Irina Sergienya , Hinrich Schütze

Efforts to decode deep neural networks (DNNs) often involve mapping their predictions back to the input features. Among these methods, Integrated Gradients (IG) has emerged as a significant technique. The selection of appropriate baselines…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Shuyang Liu , Zixuan Chen , Ge Shi , Ji Wang , Changjie Fan , Yu Xiong , Runze Wu Yujing Hu , Ze Ji , Yang Gao