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Transductive inference has been widely investigated in few-shot image classification, but completely overlooked in the recent, fast growing literature on adapting vision-langage models like CLIP. This paper addresses the transductive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Ségolène Martin , Yunshi Huang , Fereshteh Shakeri , Jean-Christophe Pesquet , Ismail Ben Ayed

Zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD) requires detection models trained using auxiliary data to detect anomalies without any training sample in a target dataset. It is a crucial task when training data is not accessible due to various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Qihang Zhou , Guansong Pang , Yu Tian , Shibo He , Jiming Chen

Few-shot anomaly detection (FSAD) has emerged as a crucial yet challenging task in industrial inspection, where normal distribution modeling must be accomplished with only a few normal images. While existing approaches typically employ…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Qishan Wang , Jia Guo , Shuyong Gao , Haofen Wang , Li Xiong , Junjie Hu , Hanqi Guo , Wenqiang Zhang

Visual anomaly detection in multi-class settings poses significant challenges due to the diversity of object categories, the scarcity of anomalous examples, and the presence of camouflaged defects. In this paper, we propose PromptMAD, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Duncan McCain , Hossein Kashiani , Fatemeh Afghah

This paper considers zero-shot Anomaly Detection (AD), performing AD without reference images of the test objects. We propose a framework called CLIP-AD to leverage the zero-shot capabilities of the large vision-language model CLIP.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Xuhai Chen , Jiangning Zhang , Guanzhong Tian , Haoyang He , Wuhao Zhang , Yabiao Wang , Chengjie Wang , Yong Liu

Few-shot classification aims to recognize unlabeled samples from unseen classes given only few labeled samples. The unseen classes and low-data problem make few-shot classification very challenging. Many existing approaches extracted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-18 Ruibing Hou , Hong Chang , Bingpeng Ma , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

Visual anomaly detection is essential in industrial manufacturing, yet traditional methods often rely heavily on extensive normal datasets and task-specific models, limiting their scalability. Recent advancements in large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Zongxiang Hu , Zhaosheng Zhang

Few-shot anomaly detection (FSAD) methods identify anomalous regions with few known normal samples. Most existing methods rely on the generalization ability of pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) to recognize potentially anomalous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Yuanting Fan , Jun Liu , Xiaochen Chen , Bin-Bin Gao , Jian Li , Yong Liu , Jinlong Peng , Chengjie Wang

Recently, the rapid advancements of vision-language models, such as CLIP, leads to significant progress in zero-/few-shot anomaly detection (ZFSAD) tasks. However, most existing CLIP-based ZFSAD methods commonly assume prior knowledge of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Hong Huang , Weixiang Sun , Zhijian Wu , Jingwen Niu , Donghuan Lu , Xian Wu , Yefeng Zheng

Visual language models like Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) have shown impressive performance in analyzing natural images with language information. However, these models often encounter challenges when applied to specialized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Jiaqing Zhang , Mingxiang Cao , Xue Yang , Kai Jiang , Yunsong Li

Few-shot anomaly detection streamlines and simplifies industrial safety inspection. However, limited samples make accurate differentiation between normal and abnormal features challenging, and even more so under category-agnostic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Guangyao Zhai , Yue Zhou , Xinyan Deng , Lars Heckler , Nassir Navab , Benjamin Busam

CLIP is a foundational model with transferable classification performance in the few-shot setting. Several methods have shown improved performance of CLIP using few-shot examples. However, so far, all these techniques have been benchmarked…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Alexey Kravets , Da Chen , Vinay P. Namboodiri

Contrastive vision-language models excel in zero-shot image recognition but face challenges in few-shot scenarios due to computationally intensive offline fine-tuning using prompt learning, which risks overfitting. To overcome these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Phuoc-Nguyen Bui , Khanh-Binh Nguyen , Hyunseung Choo

Universal visual anomaly detection aims to identify anomalies from novel or unseen vision domains without additional fine-tuning, which is critical in open scenarios. Recent studies have demonstrated that pre-trained vision-language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Bin-Bin Gao , Yue Zhou , Jiangtao Yan , Yuezhi Cai , Weixi Zhang , Meng Wang , Jun Liu , Yong Liu , Lei Wang , Chengjie Wang

Pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have shown enhanced performance across a range of tasks that involve the integration of visual and linguistic modalities. When CLIP is used for depth estimation tasks, the patches,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Xueting Hu , Ce Zhang , Yi Zhang , Bowen Hai , Ke Yu , Zhihai He

The contrastive vision-language pre-training, known as CLIP, demonstrates remarkable potential in perceiving open-world visual concepts, enabling effective zero-shot image recognition. Nevertheless, few-shot learning methods based on CLIP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Cheng Cheng , Lin Song , Ruoyi Xue , Hang Wang , Hongbin Sun , Yixiao Ge , Ying Shan

Multi-label few-shot image classification (ML-FSIC) is the task of assigning descriptive labels to previously unseen images, based on a small number of training examples. A key feature of the multi-label setting is that images often have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Kun Yan , Chenbin Zhang , Jun Hou , Ping Wang , Zied Bouraoui , Shoaib Jameel , Steven Schockaert

Few-shot action recognition aims to enable models to quickly learn new action categories from limited labeled samples, addressing the challenge of data scarcity in real-world applications. Current research primarily addresses three core…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Xiaoyang Li , Mingming Lu , Ruiqi Wang , Hao Li , Zewei Le

This paper studies zero-shot anomaly classification (AC) and segmentation (AS) in industrial vision. We reveal that the abundant normal and abnormal cues implicit in unlabeled test images can be exploited for anomaly determination, which is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Xurui Li , Ziming Huang , Feng Xue , Yu Zhou

Recently, few-shot action recognition has significantly progressed by learning the feature discriminability and designing suitable comparison methods. Still, there are the following restrictions. (a) Previous works are mainly based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Fei Guo , Li Zhu , YiKang Wang , Han Qi