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Few-shot image classification remains a critical challenge in the field of computer vision, particularly in data-scarce environments. Existing methods typically rely on pre-trained visual-language models, such as CLIP. However, due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Xi Yang , Pai Peng , Wulin Xie , Xiaohuan Lu , Jie Wen

Anomaly detection identifies departures from expected behavior in safety-critical settings. When target-domain normal data are unavailable, zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD) leverages vision-language models (VLMs). However, CLIP's coarse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Alireza Salehi , Ehsan Karami , Sepehr Noey , Sahand Noey , Makoto Yamada , Reshad Hosseini , Mohammad Sabokrou

Contrastive Vision-Language Pre-training, known as CLIP, has provided a new paradigm for learning visual representations using large-scale image-text pairs. It shows impressive performance on downstream tasks by zero-shot knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Renrui Zhang , Zhang Wei , Rongyao Fang , Peng Gao , Kunchang Li , Jifeng Dai , Yu Qiao , Hongsheng Li

Zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD) aims to detect anomalies without any target domain training samples, relying solely on external auxiliary data. Existing CLIP-based methods attempt to activate the model's ZSAD potential via handcrafted or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Ziteng Yang , Jingzehua Xu , Yanshu Li , Zepeng Li , Yeqiang Wang , Xinghui Li

Enhancing the alignment between text and image features in the CLIP model is a critical challenge in zero-shot industrial anomaly detection tasks. Recent studies predominantly utilize specific category prompts during pretraining, which can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yanning Hou , Yanran Ruan , Junfa Li , Shanshan Wang , Jianfeng Qiu , Ke Xu

Most existing anomaly detection (AD) methods require a dedicated model for each category. Such a paradigm, despite its promising results, is computationally expensive and inefficient, thereby failing to meet the requirements for realworld…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Chaoqin Huang , Haoyan Guan , Aofan Jiang , Ya Zhang , Michael Spratling , Xinchao Wang , Yanfeng Wang

Medical anomaly detection (MAD) and segmentation play a critical role in assisting clinical diagnosis by identifying abnormal regions in medical images and localizing pathological regions. Recent CLIP-based studies are promising for anomaly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Thuy Truong Tran , Minh Kha Do , Phuc Nguyen Duy , Min Hun Lee

Recently, large vision and language models have shown their success when adapting them to many downstream tasks. In this paper, we present a unified framework named CLIP-ADA for Anomaly Detection by Adapting a pre-trained CLIP model. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Yuxuan Cai , Xinwei He , Dingkang Liang , Ao Tong , Xiang Bai

Image Anomaly Detection has been a challenging task in Computer Vision field. The advent of Vision-Language models, particularly the rise of CLIP-based frameworks, has opened new avenues for zero-shot anomaly detection. Recent studies have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Zhaoxiang Zhang , Hanqiu Deng , Jinan Bao , Xingyu Li

Anomaly detection methods typically require extensive normal samples from the target class for training, limiting their applicability in scenarios that require rapid adaptation, such as cold start. Zero-shot and few-shot anomaly detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zhaopeng Gu , Bingke Zhu , Guibo Zhu , Yingying Chen , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

In industrial anomaly detection (IAD), accurately identifying defects amidst diverse anomalies and under varying imaging conditions remains a significant challenge. Traditional approaches often struggle with high false-positive rates,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yurui Pan , Lidong Wang , Yuchao Chen , Wenbing Zhu , Bo Peng , Mingmin Chi

Zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD) targets the identification of anomalies within images from arbitrary novel categories. This study introduces AdaCLIP for the ZSAD task, leveraging a pre-trained vision-language model (VLM), CLIP. AdaCLIP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Yunkang Cao , Jiangning Zhang , Luca Frittoli , Yuqi Cheng , Weiming Shen , Giacomo Boracchi

Few-shot multimodal industrial anomaly detection is a critical yet underexplored task, offering the ability to quickly adapt to complex industrial scenarios. In few-shot settings, insufficient training samples often fail to cover the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yuxuan Lin , Hanjing Yan , Xuan Tong , Yang Chang , Huanzhen Wang , Ziheng Zhou , Shuyong Gao , Yan Wang , Wenqiang Zhang

This paper considers few-shot anomaly detection (FSAD), a practical yet under-studied setting for anomaly detection (AD), where only a limited number of normal images are provided for each category at training. So far, existing FSAD studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Chaoqin Huang , Haoyan Guan , Aofan Jiang , Ya Zhang , Michael Spratling , Yan-Feng Wang

This expository paper introduces a simplified approach to image-based quality inspection in manufacturing using OpenAI's CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining) model adapted for few-shot learning. While CLIP has demonstrated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Fadel M. Megahed , Ying-Ju Chen , Bianca Maria Colosimo , Marco Luigi Giuseppe Grasso , L. Allison Jones-Farmer , Sven Knoth , Hongyue Sun , Inez Zwetsloot

The recent CLIP-based methods have shown promising zero-shot and few-shot performance on image classification tasks. Existing approaches such as CoOp and Tip-Adapter only focus on high-level visual features that are fully aligned with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Jiaying Shi , Xuetong Xue , Shenghui Xu

The vision-language model has brought great improvement to few-shot industrial anomaly detection, which usually needs to design of hundreds of prompts through prompt engineering. For automated scenarios, we first use conventional prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Xiaofan Li , Zhizhong Zhang , Xin Tan , Chengwei Chen , Yanyun Qu , Yuan Xie , Lizhuang Ma

This study proposes a novel few-shot crack image classification model based on CLIP and Bayesian optimization. By combining multimodal information and Bayesian approach, the model achieves efficient classification of crack images in a small…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yingchao Zhang , Cheng Liu

Existing approaches towards anomaly detection~(AD) often rely on a substantial amount of anomaly-free data to train representation and density models. However, large anomaly-free datasets may not always be available before the inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Jingyi Liao , Xun Xu , Manh Cuong Nguyen , Adam Goodge , Chuan Sheng Foo

Recently, foundational models such as CLIP and SAM have shown promising performance for the task of Zero-Shot Anomaly Segmentation (ZSAS). However, either CLIP-based or SAM-based ZSAS methods still suffer from non-negligible key drawbacks:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Shengze Li , Jianjian Cao , Peng Ye , Yuhan Ding , Chongjun Tu , Tao Chen