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Modern transmission network expansion planning (TNEP) is carried out with AC network model, which is able to handle voltage and voltage stability constraints. However, such a model requires optimization with iterative AC power flow model,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-04-10 Soumya Das , Ashu Verma , P. R. Bijwe

In this paper, we consider the expansion of power grids under emerging large loads from data centers and electrified manufacturing. We develop a multi-period grid capacity expansion model to determine optimal investment profiles for power…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-29 Jiyong Lee , Melody Agustin , Joanne Langsdorf , Erhan Kutanolgu , Michael Baldea , Ilias Mitrai

Consideration of generation, load and network uncertainties in modern transmission network expansion planning (TNEP) is gaining interest due to large-scale integration of renewable energy sources with the existing grid. However, it is a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-08-05 Soumya Das , Ashu Verma , P. R. Bijwe

This work presents a general framework for the operationally driven optimal siting and sizing of battery energy storage systems in power transmission networks, aimed at enhancing their resource adequacy. The approach considers multi-period…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-05 Ginevra Larroux , Matthieu Jacobs , Keyu Jia , Fabrizio Sossan , Mario Paolone

We propose explicitly incorporating large-scale load siting into a stochastic nodal power system capacity expansion planning model that concurrently co-optimizes generation, transmission and storage expansion. The potential operational…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-17 Tomas Valencia Zuluaga , Simon Pang , Jean-Paul Watson

With rising shares of renewables and the need to properly assess trade-offs between transmission, storage and sectoral integration as balancing options, building a bridge between energy system models and detailed power flow studies becomes…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-04-29 Fabian Neumann , Veit Hagenmeyer , Tom Brown

Coordinated planning of generation, storage, and transmission more accurately captures the interactions among these three capacity types necessary to meet electricity demand, at least in theory. However, in practice, U.S. system operators…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-30 Maya Domeshek , Christoph Graf , Burçin Ünel

This study addresses the challenges in optimizing long-duration energy storage (LDES) dispatch within future power systems featuring high integration of variable renewable energy (VRE). The research focuses on conducting a comparative…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-19 Amogh A. Thatte , Sourabh Dalvi , Vincent Carag , Jiazi Zhang , Jennie Jorgenson , Omar J. Guerra

This paper examines the integrated generation and transmission expansion planning problem to address the growing challenges associated with increasing power network loads. The proposed approach optimizes the operation and investment costs…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-22 Arash Baharvandi , Duong Tung Nguyen

This study presents a mathematical optimization framework and preliminary analysis for long-term investment planning in Puerto Rico's electric power system. We develop a high-resolution capacity expansion model to identify least-cost…

The increase in renewable energy sources (RESs), like wind or solar power, results in growing uncertainty also in transmission grids. This affects grid stability through fluctuating energy supply and an increased probability of overloaded…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-13 Rebecca Bauer , Tillmann Mühlpfordt , Nicole Ludwig , Veit Hagenmeyer

Expanding transmission capacity is likely a bottleneck that will restrict variable renewable energy (VRE) deployment required to achieve ambitious emission reduction goals. Grid interconnection and inter-regional transmission capacity may…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-22 Aneesha Manocha , Neha Patankar , Jesse D. Jenkins

Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) can mitigate effects of intermittent energy production from renewable energy sources and play a critical role in peak shaving and demand charge management. To optimally size the BESS from an economic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-03-01 Abdulelah H Habib , Vahid R. Disfani , Jan Kleissl , Raymond de Callafon

The escalating adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and the growing demand for charging solutions are driving a surge in EV charger installations in distribution networks. However, this rising EV load strains the distribution grid, causing…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Linhan Fang , Xingpeng Li

Large scale renewable energy integration is being planned for multiple power grids around the world. To achieve secure and stable grid operations, additional resources/reserves are needed to mitigate the inherent intermittency of renewable…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-21 Md Umar Hashmi , Deepjyoti Deka , Lucas Pereira , Ana Busic

Generation expansion planning (GEP) is a prominent example of capacity expansion problems in operations research. Being generally NP-hard, GEP optimization models can become intractable when nonconvex dynamics, time-coupling constraints,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-13 Luca Santosuosso , Bettina Klinz , Sonja Wogrin

In high renewables-integrated power systems, irrespective to their sizes, energy storage is commonly included and utilized to mitigate fluctuations from both the load and renewable power generation, ensuring system reliability, among which…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-08 Cunzhi Zhao , Xingpeng Li

A placement problem for multiple Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) units is formulated towards power system transient voltage stability enhancement in this paper. The problem is solved by the Cross-Entropy (CE) optimization method. A…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-04-04 Yongli Zhu , Chengxi Liu , Renchang Dai , Guangyi Liu , Yiran Xu

Expanding transmission capacity is likely a bottleneck that will restrict variable renewable energy (VRE) deployment required to achieve ambitious emission reduction goals. Interconnection and inter-zonal transmission buildout may be…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-23 Aneesha Manocha , Gabriel Mantegna , Neha Patankar , Jesse D. Jenkins

This study addresses the transmission value of energy storage in electric grids. The inherent connection between storage and transmission infrastructure is captured from a "cumulative energy" perspective, which enables the reformulating of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-15 Qian Zhang , P. R. Kumar , Le Xie