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We consider the problem of learning an unknown context-free grammar when the only knowledge available and of interest to the learner is about its structural descriptions with depth at most $\ell.$ The goal is to learn a cover context-free…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-10 Mircea Marin , Gabriel Istrate

Finite-state transducers give efficient representations of many Natural Language phenomena. They allow to account for complex lexicon restrictions encountered, without involving the use of a large set of complex rules difficult to analyze.…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Mehryar Mohri

Although adequate models of human language for syntactic analysis and semantic interpretation are of at least context-free complexity, for applications such as speech processing in which speed is important finite-state models are often…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Edmund Grimley-Evans

In this paper we give instructions on how to write a minimalist grammar (MG). In order to present the instructions as an algorithm, we use a variant of context free grammars (CFG) as an input format. We can exclude overgeneration, if the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Isidor Konrad Maier , Johannes Kuhn , Jesse Beisegel , Markus Huber-Liebl , Matthias Wolff

Context-free languages are widely used to describe the syntax of programming languages and natural languages. Usually, we describe a context-free language mathematically with the help of context-free grammar (for generation) or pushdown…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Krasimir Yordzhev

Proof assistants are software-based tools that are used in the mechanization of proof construction and validation in mathematics and computer science, and also in certified program development. Different tools are being increasingly used in…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-04 Marcus Vinícius Midena Ramos , Ruy J. G. B. de Queiroz

Parsing Expression Grammars (PEGs) are a formalism that can describe all deterministic context-free languages through a set of rules that specify a top-down parser for some language. PEGs are easy to use, and there are efficient…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-02-17 Sérgio Medeiros , Fabio Mascarenhas , Roberto Ierusalimschy

We address the challenge of extracting structured information from business documents without detailed annotations. We propose Deep Conditional Probabilistic Context Free Grammars (DeepCPCFG) to parse two-dimensional complex documents and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Freddy C. Chua , Nigel P. Duffy

Kleinberg and Mullainathan showed that language generation in the limit is always possible at the level of computability: given enough positive examples, a learner can eventually generate data indistinguishable from a target language.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Marcelo Arenas , Pablo Barceló , Luis Cofré , Alexander Kozachinskiy

We prove a lower bound on the communication complexity of computing the $n$-fold xor of an arbitrary function $f$, in terms of the communication complexity and rank of $f$. We prove that $D(f^{\oplus n}) \geq n \cdot…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Siddharth Iyer , Anup Rao

An attractive mechanism to specify global constraints in rostering and other domains is via formal languages. For instance, the Regular and Grammar constraints specify constraints in terms of the languages accepted by an automaton and a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-03-04 George Katsirelos , Nina Narodytska , Toby Walsh

Automatic morphological processing can aid downstream natural language processing applications, especially for low-resource languages, and assist language documentation efforts for endangered languages. Having long been multilingual, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Adam Wiemerslage , Miikka Silfverberg , Changbing Yang , Arya D. McCarthy , Garrett Nicolai , Eliana Colunga , Katharina Kann

We study grammar-constrained decoding (GCD) as a coupling between an autoregressive next-token distribution and a reachability oracle over a pushdown system compiled from a context-free grammar (CFG). We prove an oracle invariance theorem:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Faruk Alpay , Bilge Senturk

The process of state preparation, its transmission and subsequent measurement can be classically simulated through the communication of some amount of classical information. Recently, we proved that the minimal communication cost is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-17 Alberto Montina , Stefan Wolf

We prove new lower bounds for bounded error quantum communication complexity. Our methods are based on the Fourier transform of the considered functions. First we generalize a method for proving classical communication complexity lower…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hartmut Klauck

Neural QCFG is a grammar-based sequence-tosequence (seq2seq) model with strong inductive biases on hierarchical structures. It excels in interpretability and generalization but suffers from expensive inference. In this paper, we study two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Chao Lou , Kewei Tu

Phrase-structure grammars are effective models for important syntactic and semantic aspects of natural languages, but can be computationally too demanding for use as language models in real-time speech recognition. Therefore, finite-state…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Fernando C. N. Pereira , Rebecca N. Wright

In this thesis, we study the place of regular languages within the communication complexity setting. In particular, we are interested in the non-deterministic communication complexity of regular languages. We show that a regular language…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-02-01 Anil Ada

The problem of identifying a probabilistic context free grammar has two aspects: the first is determining the grammar's topology (the rules of the grammar) and the second is estimating probabilistic weights for each rule. Given the hardness…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Dana Fisman , Dolav Nitay , Michal Ziv-Ukelson

Improving the previously known best bound, we show that any recursively enumerable language can be generated with a non-returning parallel communicating (PC) grammar system having six context-free components. We also present a non-returning…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2009-07-30 Erzsébet Csuhaj-Varjú , György Vaszil