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We prove the security of the Bennett-Brassard (BB84) quantum key distribution protocol in the case where the key information is encoded in the relative phase of a coherent-state reference pulse and a weak coherent-state signal pulse, as in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-27 Hoi-Kwong Lo , John Preskill

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables the transmission of information that is secure against general attacks by eavesdroppers. The use of on-demand quantum light sources in QKD protocols is expected to help improve security and maximum…

We report a free-space entanglement-based quantum key distribution experiment, implementing the biased basis protocol between two sites which are 15.3 km apart. Photon pairs from a polarization-entangled source are distributed through two…

Device-independent quantum key distribution protocols allow two honest users to establish a secret key with minimal levels of trust on the provider, as security is proven without any assumption on the inner working of the devices used for…

Single photon sources (SPS) are a fundamental building block for optical implementations of quantum information protocols. Among SPSs, multiple crystal heralded single photon sources seem to give the best compromise between high pair…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-02 M. Schiavon , G. Vallone , F. Ticozzi , P. Villoresi

The Bennett-Brassard 1984 protocol (BB84 protocol) is one of the simplest protocols for implementing quantum key distribution (QKD). In the protocol, the sender and the receiver iteratively choose one of two complementary measurement bases.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Shun Kawakami , Atsushi Taniguchi , Yoshihide Tonomura , Koichi Takasugi , Koji Azuma

An efficient quantum cryptography network protocol is proposed with d-dimension polarized photons, without resorting to entanglement and quantum memory. A server on the network, say Alice, provides the service for preparing and measuring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Chun-Yan Li , Xi-Han Li , Fu-Guo Deng , Ping Zhou , Yu-Jie Liang , Hong-Yu Zhou

We develop an improvement to the weak laser pulse BB84 scheme for quantum key distribution, which utilizes entanglement to improve the security of the scheme and enhance its resilience to the photon-number-splitting attack. This protocol…

A simple protocol which takes advantage of the inherent random times of detections in single photon counting modules is presented for random active basis choices when using entanglement-based protocols for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). It…

We present a new optical scheme for BB84 protocol quantum key distribution (QKD). The proposed setup consists of a compact all-fiber polarization encoding optical scheme based on LiNbO3 phase modulators, single laser source and two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-22 A. Duplinskiy , V. Ustimchik , A. Kanapin , V. Kurochkin , Y. Kurochkin

Quantum key distribution is a key application of quantum mechanics, shaping the future of privacy and secure communications. Many protocols require single photons, often approximated by strongly attenuated laser pulses. Here, we harness the…

We present a complete protocol for BB84 quantum key distribution for a realistic setting (noise, loss, multi-photon signals of the source) that covers many of todays experimental implementations. The security of this protocol is shown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-07-10 Hitoshi Inamori , Norbert Lütkenhaus , Dominic Mayers

Single photons are an important prerequisite for a broad spectrum of quantum optical applications. We experimentally demonstrate a heralded single-photon source based on spontaneous parametric down-conversion in collinear bulk optics, and…

To implement the BB84 decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol over a lossy ground-satellite quantum uplink requires a source that has high repetition rate of short laser pulses, long term stability, and no phase correlations…

Silicon-based polarization-encoding quantum key distribution (QKD) has been widely studied, owing to its low cost and robustness. However, prior studies have utilized off-chip devices to demodulate the quantum states or perform polarization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-09 Yongqiang Du , Xun Zhu , Xin Hua , Zhengeng Zhao , Xiao Hu , Yi Qian , Xi Xiao , Kejin Wei

Secure communication that allows only the sender and intended recipient of a message to view its content has a long history. Quantum objects, such as single photons are ideal carriers for secure information transmission because, according…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-15 R. Shakhmuratov , A. Zinnatullin , F. Vagizov

The paper presents the implementation of a quantum cryptography protocol for secure communication between servers in the cloud. As computing power increases, classical cryptography and key management schemes based on computational…

We present a simplified BB84 protocol with only three quantum states and one decoy-state level. We implement this scheme using the polarization degree of freedom at telecom wavelength. Only one pulsed laser is used in order to reduce…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-14 Fadri Grünenfelder , Alberto Boaron , Davide Rusca , Anthony Martin , Hugo Zbinden

In previous quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols, information is encoded on either the discrete-variable of single-photon signal or continuous-variables of multi-photon signal. Here, we propose a new QKD protocol by encoding information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Bing Qi

The ability to inscribe information on single photons at high speeds is a crucial requirement for quantum applications such as quantum communication and measurement-based photonic quantum computation. Nowadays, most experimental…