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Optical-frequency synthesizers are lasers stabilized and programmed from a microwave clock for applications, especially in fundamental measurements and spectroscopy, optical-communication links, and precision sensing of numerous physical…

Modern communication and sensing technologies rely on connecting the optical domain with the microwave domain. Terahertz technologies, spanning increased frequencies from 100 GHz to 10 THz, are critical for providing larger bandwidths and…

Microwave electric (MW) field measurements utilizing Rydberg atoms have witnessed significant advancements, achieving remarkable sensitivity, albeit limited to discrete MW frequencies resonant with Rydberg states. Recently, various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-25 Sheng-Xian Xiao , Tao Wang

The breakthroughs of communication distance and data rate have been eagerly anticipated by scientists in the area of underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC), which is seriously limited by the obvious aquatic attenuation in…

Optics · Physics 2024-11-19 Xiaohe Dong , Kuokuo Zhang , Caiming Sun , Jun Zhang , Aidong Zhang , Lijun Wang

A Low-Power Variable Gain (VG) mm-Wave Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) is designed and simulated in a 28-nm CMOS process. The LNA utilizes a simple, yet novel, technique presented in this paper to vary the small-signal output resistance to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Harshith Reddy , Pankaj Arora

Frequency-modulation (FM) spectroscopy has been extended to the vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Coherent VUV laser radiation is produced by resonance-enhanced sum-frequency mixing…

We present a deep neural network-enabled method to accelerate near-field (NF) antenna measurement. We develop a Near-field Super-resolution Network (NFS-Net) to reconstruct significantly undersampled near-field data as high-resolution data,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-04 Yuchen Gu , Hai-Han Sun , Daniel W. van der Weide

Acquisition of laser frequency with high resolution under continuous and abrupt tuning conditions is important for sensing, spectroscopy and communications. Here, a single microresonator provides rapid and broad-band measurement of…

We present a photonic coupler that exhibits effectively wavelength-agnostic performance for ultra-broadband optical interfacing. By incorporating a dual-ellipsoidal geometry, the design facilitates quasi-free-space optical propagation. We…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-24 Huiyu Huang , Zhitian Shi , Chunhui Yao , Richard Penty , Qixiang Cheng

We propose a Vocos-based bandwidth extension model that enhances audio at 8-48 kHz by generating missing high-frequency content. Inputs are resampled to 48 kHz and processed by a neural vocoder backbone, enabling a single network to support…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Yatharth Sharma

Wearable on-body millimeter-wave (mmWave) radars can provide obstacle detection and guidance for visually impaired individuals. The antennas, being a crucial component of these systems, must be lightweight, flexible, low-cost, and compact.…

Vision Transformers are used via a customized TransUNet architecture, which is a hybrid model combining Transformers into a U-Net backbone, to achieve precise, automated, and fast segmentation of radio astronomy data affected by calibration…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-14 Nicoletta Sanvitale , Claudio Gheller , Franco Vazza , Annalisa Bonafede , Virginia Cuciti , Emanuele De Rubeis , Federica Govoni , Matteo Murgia , Valentina Vacca

We use an atomic vapor cell as a frequency tunable microwave field detector operating at frequencies from GHz to tens of GHz. We detect microwave magnetic fields from 2.3 GHz to 26.4 GHz, and measure the amplitude of the sigma+ component of…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2016-05-24 Andrew Horsley , Philipp Treutlein

The rapid development of coherent short-wavelength light sources in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft X-ray (SXR) regimes has created a growing need for advanced optoelectronic detection capabilities, particularly for…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-26 Ivan Ryger , Terry Brown , Dina S. Eissa , Chen-Ting Liao

Microwave quantum information networks require reliable transmission of single photon propagating modes over lossy channels. In this article we propose a microwave noise-less linear amplifier (NLA) suitable to circumvent the losses incurred…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Hany Khalifa , Riku Jäntti , Gheorghe Sorin Paraoanu

In this work, a microwave photonic prototype for concurrent radar detection and spectrum sensing is proposed, designed, built, and investigated. A direct digital synthesizer and an analog electronic circuit are integrated to generate an…

Recent advancements in silicon photonics are enabling the development of chip-scale photonics devices for sensing and signal processing applications, among which on-chip spectrometers are of particular interest for precision wavelength…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Uttam Paudel , Todd S. Rose

We present optical vector network analysis (OVNA) of an isotopically purified $^{166}$Er$^{3+}$:$^7$LiYF$_4$ crystal. The OVNA method is based on generation and detection of modulated optical sideband by using a radio-frequency vector…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-02-15 N. Kukharchyk , D. Sholokhov , O. Morozov , S. L. Korableva , J. H. Cole , A. A. Kalachev , P. A. Bushev

A fiber-based photonic lantern can couple an array of single-mode optical fibers to the guided modes of a multimode fiber, with the mapping between the single-mode fibers and guided modes fully described by a complex-valued transfer matrix.…

Taming the Terahertz waves (100 GHz-10 THz) is considered the next frontier in wireless communications. While components for the ultra-high bandwidth Terahertz wireless communications were in rapid development over the past several years,…

Applied Physics · Physics 2017-12-14 Kathirvel Nallappan , Hichem Guerboukha , Chahé Nerguizian , Maksim Skorobogatiy