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The increasing emphasis on privacy and data security has driven the adoption of federated learning, a decentralized approach to train machine learning models without sharing raw data. Prompt learning, which fine-tunes prompt embeddings of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Dongping Liao , Xitong Gao , Yabo Xu , Chengzhong Xu

Our ability to use deep learning approaches to decipher neural activity would likely benefit from greater scale, in terms of both model size and datasets. However, the integration of many neural recordings into one unified model is…

Federated learning is a powerful distributed learning scheme that allows numerous edge devices to collaboratively train a model without sharing their data. However, training is resource-intensive for edge devices, and limited network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Hui-Po Wang , Sebastian U. Stich , Yang He , Mario Fritz

Emerging Large Language Model (LLM) system patterns, such as disaggregated inference, Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) routing, and asynchronous reinforcement fine-tuning, require flexible point-to-point communication beyond simple collectives.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Nandor Licker , Kevin Hu , Vladimir Zaytsev , Lequn Chen

Recent progress in the Natural Language Processing domain has given us several State-of-the-Art (SOTA) pretrained models which can be finetuned for specific tasks. These large models with billions of parameters trained on numerous GPUs/TPUs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Kamal Raj Kanakarajan , Bhuvana Kundumani , Malaikannan Sankarasubbu

Natively trained spiking language models struggle to combine Transformer-like language quality, stable multi-domain pre-training, and high activation sparsity. We present SymbolicLight V1, a spike-gated dual-path language model that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Ting Liu

Recently developed large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, Claude, and Llama have demonstrated impressive abilities, and even surpass human-level performance in several tasks. Despite their success, the resource-intensive demands of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Jie Wu , Yufeng Zhu , Lei Shen , Xuqing Lu

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) with billions of parameters have improved performance in various applications, but their inference processes demand significant energy and computational resources. In contrast, the human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Xingrun Xing , Boyan Gao , Zheng Zhang , David A. Clifton , Shitao Xiao , Li Du , Guoqi Li , Jiajun Zhang

We introduce BitNet b1.58 2B4T, the first open-source, native 1-bit Large Language Model (LLM) at the 2-billion parameter scale. Trained on a corpus of 4 trillion tokens, the model has been rigorously evaluated across benchmarks covering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Shuming Ma , Hongyu Wang , Shaohan Huang , Xingxing Zhang , Ying Hu , Ting Song , Yan Xia , Furu Wei

Learning from the collective knowledge of data dispersed across private sources can provide neural networks with enhanced generalization capabilities. Federated learning, a method for collaboratively training a machine learning model across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Matt Gorbett , Hossein Shirazi , Indrakshi Ray

Recently, advanced large language models (LLMs) have emerged at an increasingly rapid pace. However, when faced with complex problems, most users are often unable to provide accurate and effective prompts to interact with LLMs, thus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Wenjin Liu , Haoran Luo , Xueyuan Lin , Haoming Liu , Tiesunlong Shen , Jiapu Wang , Rui Mao , Erik Cambria

Multimodal interleaved datasets featuring free-form interleaved sequences of images and text are crucial for training frontier large multimodal models (LMMs). Despite the rapid progression of open-source LMMs, there remains a pronounced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Anas Awadalla , Le Xue , Oscar Lo , Manli Shu , Hannah Lee , Etash Kumar Guha , Matt Jordan , Sheng Shen , Mohamed Awadalla , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xiong , Ran Xu , Yejin Choi , Ludwig Schmidt

In recent years, a plethora of open-source foundation models have emerged, achieving remarkable progress in some widely attended fields, with performance being quite close to that of closed-source models. However, in high-value but more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Lei Bai , Zhongrui Cai , Yuhang Cao , Maosong Cao , Weihan Cao , Chiyu Chen , Haojiong Chen , Kai Chen , Pengcheng Chen , Ying Chen , Yongkang Chen , Yu Cheng , Pei Chu , Tao Chu , Erfei Cui , Ganqu Cui , Long Cui , Ziyun Cui , Nianchen Deng , Ning Ding , Nanqing Dong , Peijie Dong , Shihan Dou , Sinan Du , Haodong Duan , Caihua Fan , Ben Gao , Changjiang Gao , Jianfei Gao , Songyang Gao , Yang Gao , Zhangwei Gao , Jiaye Ge , Qiming Ge , Lixin Gu , Yuzhe Gu , Aijia Guo , Qipeng Guo , Xu Guo , Conghui He , Junjun He , Yili Hong , Siyuan Hou , Caiyu Hu , Hanglei Hu , Jucheng Hu , Ming Hu , Zhouqi Hua , Haian Huang , Junhao Huang , Xu Huang , Zixian Huang , Zhe Jiang , Lingkai Kong , Linyang Li , Peiji Li , Pengze Li , Shuaibin Li , Tianbin Li , Wei Li , Yuqiang Li , Dahua Lin , Junyao Lin , Tianyi Lin , Zhishan Lin , Hongwei Liu , Jiangning Liu , Jiyao Liu , Junnan Liu , Kai Liu , Kaiwen Liu , Kuikun Liu , Shichun Liu , Shudong Liu , Wei Liu , Xinyao Liu , Yuhong Liu , Zhan Liu , Yinquan Lu , Haijun Lv , Hongxia Lv , Huijie Lv , Qitan Lv , Ying Lv , Chengqi Lyu , Chenglong Ma , Jianpeng Ma , Ren Ma , Runmin Ma , Runyuan Ma , Xinzhu Ma , Yichuan Ma , Zihan Ma , Sixuan Mi , Junzhi Ning , Wenchang Ning , Xinle Pang , Jiahui Peng , Runyu Peng , Yu Qiao , Jiantao Qiu , Xiaoye Qu , Yuan Qu , Yuchen Ren , Fukai Shang , Wenqi Shao , Junhao Shen , Shuaike Shen , Chunfeng Song , Demin Song , Diping Song , Chenlin Su , Weijie Su , Weigao Sun , Yu Sun , Qian Tan , Cheng Tang , Huanze Tang , Kexian Tang , Shixiang Tang , Jian Tong , Aoran Wang , Bin Wang , Dong Wang , Lintao Wang , Rui Wang , Weiyun Wang , Wenhai Wang , Jiaqi Wang , Yi Wang , Ziyi Wang , Ling-I Wu , Wen Wu , Yue Wu , Zijian Wu , Linchen Xiao , Shuhao Xing , Chao Xu , Huihui Xu , Jun Xu , Ruiliang Xu , Wanghan Xu , GanLin Yang , Yuming Yang , Haochen Ye , Jin Ye , Shenglong Ye , Jia Yu , Jiashuo Yu , Jing Yu , Fei Yuan , Yuhang Zang , Bo Zhang , Chao Zhang , Chen Zhang , Hongjie Zhang , Jin Zhang , Qiaosheng Zhang , Qiuyinzhe Zhang , Songyang Zhang , Taolin Zhang , Wenlong Zhang , Wenwei Zhang , Yechen Zhang , Ziyang Zhang , Haiteng Zhao , Qian Zhao , Xiangyu Zhao , Xiangyu Zhao , Bowen Zhou , Dongzhan Zhou , Peiheng Zhou , Yuhao Zhou , Yunhua Zhou , Dongsheng Zhu , Lin Zhu , Yicheng Zou

Large language models have recently evolved from fluent text generation to advanced reasoning across diverse domains, giving rise to reasoning language models. Among these domains, mathematical reasoning serves as a representative benchmark…

We introduce Model-Distributed Inference for Large-Language Models (MDI-LLM), a novel framework designed to facilitate the deployment of state-of-the-art large-language models (LLMs) across low-power devices at the edge. This is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Davide Macario , Hulya Seferoglu , Erdem Koyuncu

We consider the problem of learning classifiers for labeled data that has been distributed across several nodes. Our goal is to find a single classifier, with small approximation error, across all datasets while minimizing the communication…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-03-06 Hal Daume , Jeff M. Phillips , Avishek Saha , Suresh Venkatasubramanian

We propose to build omni-modal intelligence, which is capable of understanding any modality and learning universal representations. In specific, we propose a scalable pretraining paradigm, named Multimodal Context (MiCo), which can scale up…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Yiyuan Zhang , Handong Li , Jing Liu , Xiangyu Yue

In distributed learning, the goal is to perform a learning task over data distributed across multiple nodes with minimal (expensive) communication. Prior work (Daume III et al., 2012) proposes a general model that bounds the communication…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-04-17 Hal Daume , Jeff M. Phillips , Avishek Saha , Suresh Venkatasubramanian

To explore the limit of dialogue generation pre-training, we present the models of PLATO-XL with up to 11 billion parameters, trained on both Chinese and English social media conversations. To train such large models, we adopt the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Siqi Bao , Huang He , Fan Wang , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang , Wenquan Wu , Zhihua Wu , Zhen Guo , Hua Lu , Xinxian Huang , Xin Tian , Xinchao Xu , Yingzhan Lin , Zheng-Yu Niu

Training deep neural networks on large datasets can often be accelerated by using multiple compute nodes. This approach, known as distributed training, can utilize hundreds of computers via specialized message-passing protocols such as Ring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Max Ryabinin , Eduard Gorbunov , Vsevolod Plokhotnyuk , Gennady Pekhimenko