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We use the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck model to simulate the dynamical evolution of heavy ion collisions and to compare the effects of two parametrizations of the momentum--dependent nuclear mean field that have identical properties in cold…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-09-25 Jianming Zhang , Subal Das Gupta , Charles Gale

Particle azimuthal anisotropies inside jets, defined within the momentum plane perpendicular to the jet axis, carry the information of the QCD cascade process for jet formation. In this work, we propose to measure the medium-induced…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-30 Meng-Quan Yang , Wei-Xi Kong , Peng Ru , Ben-Wei Zhang

To assess the properties of the quark-gluon plasma formed in nuclear collisions, the Pearson correlation coefficient between flow harmonics and mean transverse momentum, $\rho\left(v_{n}^{2},\left[p_{\mathrm{T}}\right]\right)$, reflecting…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-02-08 Chunjian Zhang , Jiangyong Jia , Shengli Huang

We investigate elliptic flow in heavy ion collisions at intermediate energies. In doing this, we implement and use a lattice-Hamiltonian model of the nuclear interaction and we also study the effect of in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-08-11 Declan Persram , Charles Gale

We develop a systematic framework for the study of the initial collision geometry fluctuations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions and investigate how they evolve through different stages of the fireball history and translate into final…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2010-12-28 Guang-You Qin , Hannah Petersen , Steffen A. Bass , Berndt Müller

Employing the isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport model, the 1 GeV/nucleon deformed uranium-uranium ultra-central collisions are simulated. Based on sensitive observables, mean square collective flow and pion meson…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-03-29 Zu-Xing Yang , Xiao-Hua Fan , Zhi-Pan Li , Shunji Nishimura

We use the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck model with a momentum-dependent nuclear mean field to simulate the dynamical evolution of heavy ion collisions. We re-examine the azimuthal anisotropy observable, proposed as sensitive to the equation…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 Jianming Zhang , Charles Gale

Highly compressed nuclear matter created in relativistic heavy collisions is to large extent governed by local non-equilibrium. As an idealized scenario colliding nuclear matter configurations are studied within both, relativistic mean…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 C. Fuchs , T. Gaitanos

The correlation between the mean transverse momentum of outgoing particles, $\langle p_t \rangle$, and the magnitude of anisotropic flow, $v_n$, has recently been measured in Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, as a function…

We use (3+1)-dimensional hydrodynamics with exact longitudinal boost-invariance to study the influence of collision centrality and initial energy density on the transverse flow pattern and the angular distributions of particles emitted near…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-09 Peter F. Kolb , Josef Sollfrank , Ulrich Heinz

We investigate the effects of nuclear quadrupole and hexadecapole couplings on the average angular momentum in sub-barrier fusion reactions. This quantity could provide a probe for nuclear shapes, distinguishing between prolate vs. oblate…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 A. B. Balantekin , J. R. Bennett , S. Kuyucak

The predictions of event anisotropy parameters from transport model RQMD are compared with the recent experimental measurements for 158$A$ GeV Pb+Pb collisions. Using the same model, we study the time evolution of event anisotropy at 2$A$…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 H. Liu , S. Panitkin , N. Xu

Preliminary data by the STAR collaboration at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider shows that the elliptic flow, $v_2$, and the average transverse momentum, $\langle p_t \rangle$, of final-state hadrons produced in high-multiplicity…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-02-23 Giuliano Giacalone

Based on the Isospin-dependent transport model Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (IBUU), effects of the difference of the high momentum tails (HMTs) of nucleon momentum distribution in colliding nuclei on some isospin-sensitive observables are…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-08-03 Zu-Xing Yang , Xiao-Hua Fan , Gao-Chan Yong , Wei Zuo

The azimuthal anisotropy of particle production is commonly used in high-energy nuclear collisions to study the early evolution of the expanding system. The prolate shape of uranium nuclei makes it possible to study how the geometry of the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-10-28 Hui Wang , Paul Sorensen

The anisotropy of the azimuthal distributions of charged particles produced in PbPb collisions with a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV is studied with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The elliptic anisotropy parameter defined…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-03-20 CMS Collaboration

In the present work we investigate the source of azimuthal asymmetry for nuclear collision using a model that contemplates particles produced in the initial hard collisions and the collective effects described by a Blast-Wave like…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-09-26 Lucas Soster Moriggi , Érison dos Santos Rocha , Magno Valério Trindade Machado

In collisions between heavy nuclei, such as those at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, hydrodynamic models have successfully related measured azimuthal momentum anisotropies to the transverse shape of the collision region. For an…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-09-25 Christian Bierlich , Peter Christiansen , Gösta Gustafson , Leif Lönnblad , Robin Törnkvist , Korinna Zapp

Azimuthal anisotropies in heavy-ion collisions are conventionally interpreted as signatures of hydrodynamic flow. We demonstrate that in peripheral collisions, a significant $\cos 2\phi$ asymmetry in the decay leptons of coherently…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-25 Ding Yu Shao , Han-Qing Yu , Cheng Zhang , Jian Zhou

I show that particle collider experiments on relativistic nuclear collisions can serve as direct probes of the deformation of the colliding nuclear species. I argue that collision events presenting very large multiplicities of particles and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-05-27 Giuliano Giacalone