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A covering array $\rm{CA}(N;t,k,v)$ of strength $t$ is an $N \times k$ array of symbols from an alphabet of size $v$ such that in every $N \times t$ subarray, every $t$-tuple occurs in at least one row. A covering array is \emph{optimal} if…

A PSCA$(v, t, \lambda)$ is a multiset of permutations of the $v$-element alphabet $\{0, \dots, v-1\}$ such that every sequence of $t$ distinct elements of the alphabet appears in the specified order in exactly $\lambda$ of the permutations.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-30 Aidan R. Gentle , Ian M. Wanless

A covering array $\mathsf{CA}(N;t,k,v)$ is an $N\times k$ array with entries in $\{1, 2, \ldots , v\}$, for which every $N\times t$ subarray contains each $t$-tuple of $\{1, 2, \ldots , v\}^t$ among its rows. Covering arrays find…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-10 Kaushik Sarkar , Charles J. Colbourn , Annalisa De Bonis , Ugo Vaccaro

An $(n,k)$-perfect sequence covering array with multiplicity $\lambda$, denoted PSCA$(n,k,\lambda)$, is a multiset whose elements are permutations of the sequence $(1,2, \dots, n)$ and which collectively contain each ordered length $k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-07 Jingzhou Na , Jonathan Jedwab , Shuxing Li

An $(n,k)$ sequence covering array is a set of permutations of $[n]$ such that each sequence of $k$ distinct elements of $[n]$ is a subsequence of at least one of the permutations. An $(n,k)$ sequence covering array is perfect if there is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-21 Raphael Yuster

A covering array CA(N; t; k; v) is an N x k array on v symbols such that every N x t subarray contains as a row each t-tuple over the v symbols at least once. The minimum N for which a CA(N; t; k; v) exists is called the covering array…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Idelfonso Izquierdo-Marquez , Jose Torres-Jimenez

Given a set $S$ of $v \ge 2$ symbols, and integers $k \ge t \ge 2$ and $N \ge 1$, an $N \times k$ array $A \in S^{N \times k}$ is an $(N; t, k, v)$-covering array if all sequences in $S^t$ appear as rows in every $N \times t$ subarray of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-29 Shagnik Das , Tamás Mészáros

A covering array $t$-$CA(n,k,g)$, of size $n$, strength $t$, degree $k$, and order $g$, is a $k\times n$ array on $g$ symbols such that every $t\times n$ sub-array contains every $t\times 1$ column on $g$ symbols at least once. Covering…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-12-31 Soumen Maity , Yasmeen Akhtar , Reshma C Chandrasekharan , Charles J Colbourn

A PSCA$(v, t, \lambda)$ is a multiset of permutations of the $v$-element alphabet $\{0, \dots, v-1\}$ such that every sequence of $t$ distinct elements of the alphabet appears in the specified order in exactly $\lambda$ permutations. For $v…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-03 Aidan R. Gentle

The focus of this thesis is the study and construction of covering arrays, relying on maximal period sequences and other tools from finite fields. A covering array of strength $t$, denoted $\mathrm{CA}(N; t, k,v)$, is an $N\times k$ array…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-29 Georgios Tzanakis

A \emph{covering array} is an $N \times k$ array of elements from a $v$-ary alphabet such that every $N \times t$ subarray contains all $v^t$ tuples from the alphabet of size $t$ at least $\lambda$ times; this is denoted as $\CA_\lambda(N;…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-06 Mason R. Calbert , Ryan E. Dougherty

A covering array $CA(N; t,k,v)$ is an $N \times k$ array $A$ whose each cell takes a value for a $v$-set $V$ called an alphabet. Moreover, the set $V^t$ is contained in the set of rows of every $N \times t$ subarray of $A$. The parameter…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-04-01 Nevena Francetić , Brett Stevens

An $(r, s)$-formation is a concatenation of $s$ permutations of $r$ letters. If $u$ is a sequence with $r$ distinct letters, then let $\mathit{Ex}(u, n)$ be the maximum length of any $r$-sparse sequence with $n$ distinct letters which has…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-11-14 J. T. Geneson , Rohil Prasad , Jonathan Tidor

An $(m,n,R)$-de Bruijn covering array (dBCA) is a doubly periodic $M \times N$ array over an alphabet of size $q$ such that the set of all its $m \times n$ windows form a covering code with radius $R$. An upper bound of the smallest array…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Yeow Meng Chee , Tuvi Etzion , Hoang Ta , Van Khu Vu

We consider representations of general non-overlapping placements of rectangles by spatial relations (west, south, east, north) of pairs of rectangles. We call a set of representations complete if it contains a representation of every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-01 Jannik Silvanus , Jens Vygen

In this article, we show the existence of large sets $\operatorname{LS}_2[3](2,k,v)$ for infinitely many values of $k$ and $v$. The exact condition is $v \geq 8$ and $0 \leq k \leq v$ such that for the remainders $\bar{v}$ and $\bar{k}$ of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Michael Kiermaier , Reinhard Laue , Alfred Wassermann

A \textbf{single change covering design} is a $v$-set $X$ and an ordered list $\cL$ of $b$ blocks of size $k$ where every $t$-set must occur in at least one block. Each pair of consecutive blocks differs by exactly one element. A single…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-12 Amanda Chafee , Brett Stevens

An $(n,R)$-covering sequence is a cyclic sequence whose consecutive $n$-tuples form a code of length $n$ and covering radius $R$. Using several construction methods improvements of the upper bounds on the length of such sequences for $n…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-16 Yeow Meng Chee , Tuvi Etzion , Hoang Ta , Van Khu Vu

In this article we determine five previously unknown covering array numbers (CANs). We do so using properties of so called balanced covering arrays together with a computational result for these. The balance properties allow us to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-21 Irene Hiess , Ludwig Kampel

A new N=4 superconformal algebra (SCA) is presented. Its internal affine Lie algebra is based on the seven-dimensional Lie algebra su(2)\oplus g, where g should be identified with a four-dimensional non-reductive Lie algebra. Thus, it is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Jorgen Rasmussen
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