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Whole-slide image (WSI) analysis remains challenging due to the gigapixel scale and sparsely distributed diagnostic regions. Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) mitigates this by modeling the WSI as bags of patches for slide-level prediction.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yujian Liu , Yuechuan Lin , Dongxu Shen , Haoran Li , Yutong Wang , Xiaoli Liu , Shidang Xu

Cell identification within the H&E slides is an essential prerequisite that can pave the way towards further pathology analyses including tissue classification, cancer grading, and phenotype prediction. However, performing such a task using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Ramin Nakhli , Amirali Darbandsari , Hossein Farahani , Ali Bashashati

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for learning representations without labeled data. Most SSL approaches rely on strong, well-established, handcrafted data augmentations to generate diverse views for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Berken Utku Demirel , Christian Holz

Self-supervised Learning (SSL) has become a powerful paradigm for representation learning without manual annotations. However, most existing frameworks focus on global alignment and struggle to capture the hierarchical, multi-scale lesion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Abdullah Al Mamun , Miaohua Zhang , David Ahmedt-Aristizabal , Zeeshan Hayder , Mohammad Awrangjeb

Whole slide images (WSIs) are gigapixel-scale digital images of H\&E-stained tissue samples widely used in pathology. The substantial size and complexity of WSIs pose unique analytical challenges. Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Jun Wang , Yu Mao , Nan Guan , Chun Jason Xue

We propose a modular framework for predicting cancer specific survival directly from whole slide pathology images (WSIs). The framework consists of four key stages designed to capture prognostic and morphological heterogeneity. First, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Ardhendu Sekhar , Vasu Soni , Keshav Aske , Garima Jain , Pranav Jeevan , Amit Sethi

The expanding research on manifold-based self-supervised learning (SSL) builds on the manifold hypothesis, which suggests that the inherent complexity of high-dimensional data can be unraveled through lower-dimensional manifold embeddings.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Li Meng , Morten Goodwin , Anis Yazidi , Paal Engelstad

Whole Slide Images (WSIs) are critical for various clinical applications, including histopathological analysis. However, current deep learning approaches in this field predominantly focus on individual tumor types, limiting model…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-18 Sharon Peled , Yosef E. Maruvka , Moti Freiman

Whole slide images (WSIs) are the gold standard for pathological diagnosis and sub-typing. Current main-stream two-step frameworks employ offline feature encoders trained without domain-specific knowledge. Among them, attention-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Mingrui Ma , Chentao Li , Pan Huang , Jing Qin

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a powerful approach for learning visual representations without manual annotations. However, the robustness of standard SSL methods to domain shift -- systematic differences across data sources…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Stella Su , Marc Harary , Scott J. Rodig , William Lotter

While Large Language Models (LLMs) are emerging as a promising direction in computational pathology, the substantial computational cost of giga-pixel Whole Slide Images (WSIs) necessitates the use of Multi-Instance Learning (MIL) to enable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Zhenfeng Zhuang , Fangyu Zhou , Liansheng Wang

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a powerful technique for learning visual representations. While recent SSL approaches achieve strong results in global image understanding, they are limited in capturing the structured…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Oussama Hadjerci , Antoine Letienne , Mohamed Abbas Hedjazi , Adel Hafiane

Whole Slide Images (WSIs) exhibit hierarchical structure, where diagnostic information emerges from cellular morphology, regional tissue organization, and global context. Existing Computational Pathology (CPath) Multimodal Large Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Basit Alawode , Arif Mahmood , Muaz Khalifa Al-Radi , Shahad Albastaki , Asim Khan , Muhammad Bilal , Moshira Ali Abdalla , Mohammed Bennamoun , Sajid Javed

Foundation models in computational pathology promise to unlock the development of new clinical decision support systems and models for precision medicine. However, there is a mismatch between most clinical analysis, which is defined at the…

Collecting large-scale medical datasets with fully annotated samples for training of deep networks is prohibitively expensive, especially for 3D volume data. Recent breakthroughs in self-supervised learning (SSL) offer the ability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Duy M. H. Nguyen , Hoang Nguyen , Mai T. N. Truong , Tri Cao , Binh T. Nguyen , Nhat Ho , Paul Swoboda , Shadi Albarqouni , Pengtao Xie , Daniel Sonntag

Presenting whole slide images (WSIs) as graph will enable a more efficient and accurate learning framework for cancer diagnosis. Due to the fact that a single WSI consists of billions of pixels and there is a lack of vast annotated datasets…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-09 Milan Aryal , Nasim Yahyasoltani

Representation learning for Whole Slide Images (WSIs) is pivotal in developing image-based systems to achieve higher precision in diagnostic pathology. We propose a two-stage framework for WSI representation learning. We sample relevant…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-20 Mohammed Adnan , Shivam Kalra , Hamid R. Tizhoosh

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is attractive for plant disease detection as it can exploit large collections of unlabeled leaf images, yet most existing SSL methods are built on CNNs or vision transformers that are poorly matched to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Abdullah Al Mamun , Miaohua Zhang , David Ahmedt-Aristizabal , Zeeshan Hayder , Mohammad Awrangjeb

Multi-modal learning integrating medical images and tabular data has significantly advanced clinical decision-making in recent years. Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for pretraining these models on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Yibing Fu , Yunpeng Zhao , Zhitao Zeng , Cheng Chen , Yueming Jin

In computational pathology, multiple instance learning (MIL) is widely used to circumvent the computational impasse in giga-pixel whole slide image (WSI) analysis. It usually consists of two stages: patch-level feature extraction and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-21 Beidi Zhao , Wenlong Deng , Zi Han , Li , Chen Zhou , Zuhua Gao , Gang Wang , Xiaoxiao Li