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Software documentation is essential for program comprehension, developer onboarding, code review, and long-term maintenance. Yet producing quality documentation manually is time-consuming and frequently yields incomplete or inconsistent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Afia Farjana , Zaiyu Cheng , Antonio Mastropaolo

Current paradigms for code verification rely heavily on external mechanisms-such as execution-based unit tests or auxiliary LLM judges-which are often labor-intensive or limited by the judging model's own capabilities. This raises a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yicheng He , Zheng Zhao , Zhou Kaiyu , Bryan Dai , Jie Fu , Yonghui Yang

Motivated by Smart Manufacturing and Industry 4.0, we introduce a framework for synthesizing Abstraction-Based Controller Design (ABCD) for reach-avoid problems from Natural Language (NL) specifications using Large Language Models (LLMs). A…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-30 Amir Bayat , Alessandro Abate , Necmiye Ozay , Raphael M. Jungers

Code generation is to automatically generate source code conforming to a given programming specification, which has received extensive attention especially with the development of large language models (LLMs). Due to the inherent difficulty…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Zhao Tian , Junjie Chen , Xiangyu Zhang

Many applications today use large language models for code generation; however, production systems have strict latency requirements that can be difficult to meet with large models. Small language models with a few billion parameters are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Renjini R. Nair , Damian K. Kowalczyk , Marco Gaudesi , Chhaya Methani

Verification is one of the central tasks in circuit and system design. While simulation and emulation are widely used, complete correctness can only be ensured based on formal proof techniques. But these approaches often have very high run…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Rolf Drechsler

Large language models (LLMs) are a new and powerful tool for a wide span of applications involving natural language and demonstrate impressive code generation abilities. The goal of this work is to automatically generate tests and use these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Christian Munley , Aaron Jarmusch , Sunita Chandrasekaran

Recent breakthroughs in Large Language Models (LLMs), such as GPT-3 and Codex, now enable software developers to generate code based on a natural language prompt. Within computer science education, researchers are exploring the potential…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Stephen MacNeil , Andrew Tran , Juho Leinonen , Paul Denny , Joanne Kim , Arto Hellas , Seth Bernstein , Sami Sarsa

This paper aims to extend the code generation capability of large language models (LLMs) to automatically manage comprehensive software requirements from given textual descriptions. Such requirements include both functional (i.e. achieving…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Hojae Han , Jaejin Kim , Jaeseok Yoo , Youngwon Lee , Seung-won Hwang

Large language models have shown impressive performance in various domains, including code generation across diverse open-source domains. However, their applicability in proprietary industrial settings, where domain-specific constraints and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yash Mundhra , Max Valk , Maliheh Izadi

Requirements elicitation and specification remains a labor-intensive, manual process prone to inconsistencies and gaps, presenting a significant challenge in modern software engineering. Emerging studies underscore the potential of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Mohammad Kasra Habib , Daniel Graziotin , Stefan Wagner

Code-generating Large Language Models (LLMs) have become essential tools in modern software development, enhancing productivity and accelerating development. This paper aims to investigate the fine-tuning of code-generating LLMs using…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Marina Sakharova , Abhinav Anand , Mira Mezini

Large language models (LLMs) can generate executable code from natural language descriptions, but the resulting programs frequently contain bugs due to hallucinations. In the absence of formal specifications, existing approaches attempt to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yihan Dai , Sijie Liang , Haotian Xu , Peichu Xie , Sergey Mechtaev

Autonomous driving (AD) testing constitutes a critical methodology for assessing performance benchmarks prior to product deployment. The creation of segmented scenarios within a simulated environment is acknowledged as a robust and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Xuan Cai , Xuesong Bai , Zhiyong Cui , Danmu Xie , Daocheng Fu , Haiyang Yu , Yilong Ren

Recent years have seen the remarkable capabilities of large language models (LLMs) for code generation. Different from existing work that evaluate the correctness of the code generated by LLMs, we propose to further evaluate its efficiency.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Changan Niu , Ting Zhang , Chuanyi Li , Bin Luo , Vincent Ng

The emergence of prompting as the dominant paradigm for leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to a proliferation of LLM-native software, where application behavior arises from complex, stochastic data transformations. However, the…

Large language models possess impressive capabilities in generating programs (e.g., Python) from natural language descriptions to execute robotic tasks. However, these generated programs often contain errors that violate externally given…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Yunhao Yang , Neel P. Bhatt , William Ward , Zichao Hu , Joydeep Biswas , Ufuk Topcu

Computer-aided design (CAD) is the digital construction of 2D and 3D objects, and is central to a wide range of engineering and manufacturing applications like automobile and aviation. Despite its importance, CAD modeling remains largely a…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Prashant Govindarajan , Davide Baldelli , Jay Pathak , Quentin Fournier , Sarath Chandar

In today's AI-assisted software engineering landscape, developers increasingly depend on LLMs that are highly capable, yet inherently imperfect. The tendency of these models to produce incorrect outputs can reduce developer productivity. To…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Hong Yi Lin , Chunhua Liu , Haoyu Gao , Patanamon Thongtanunam , Christoph Treude

Designing complex computer-aided design (CAD) models is often time-consuming due to challenges such as computational inefficiency and the difficulty of generating precise models. We propose a novel language-guided framework for industrial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jianxing Liao , Junyan Xu , Yatao Sun , Maowen Tang , Sicheng He , Jingxian Liao , Shui Yu , Yun Li , Hongguan Xiao