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Multilingual Language Models (\MLLMs) such as mBERT, XLM, XLM-R, \textit{etc.} have emerged as a viable option for bringing the power of pretraining to a large number of languages. Given their success in zero-shot transfer learning, there…

The aim of this paper is to evaluate whether large language models trained on multi-choice question data can be used to discriminate between medical subjects. This is an important and challenging task for automatic question answering. To…

Extracting clinically relevant information from unstructured medical narratives such as admission notes, discharge summaries, and emergency case histories remains a challenge in clinical natural language processing (NLP). Medical Entity…

With the growing amount of text in health data, there have been rapid advances in large pre-trained models that can be applied to a wide variety of biomedical tasks with minimal task-specific modifications. Emphasizing the cost of these…

Electronic health records contain inconsistently structured or free-text data, requiring efficient preprocessing to enable predictive health care models. Although artificial intelligence-driven natural language processing tools show promise…

Natural language processing (NLP) in the medical domain can underperform in real-world applications involving small datasets in a non-English language with few labeled samples and imbalanced classes. There is yet no consensus on how to…

The purpose of this study is to analyze the efficacy of transfer learning techniques and transformer-based models as applied to medical natural language processing (NLP) tasks, specifically radiological text classification. We used 1,977…

This paper presents the overview of the development and fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) designed specifically for answering medical questions. We are mainly improving the accuracy and efficiency of providing reliable answers to…

Transformer language models (TLMs) are critical for most NLP tasks, but they are difficult to create for low-resource languages because of how much pretraining data they require. In this work, we investigate two techniques for training…

Language model (LM) pretraining can learn various knowledge from text corpora, helping downstream tasks. However, existing methods such as BERT model a single document, and do not capture dependencies or knowledge that span across…

Biomedical queries have become increasingly prevalent in web searches, reflecting the growing interest in accessing biomedical literature. Despite recent research on large-language models (LLMs) motivated by endeavours to attain generalized…

Multi-task learning (MTL) has achieved remarkable success in natural language processing applications. In this work, we study a multi-task learning model with multiple decoders on varieties of biomedical and clinical natural language…

We study clinical Named Entity Recognition (NER) on the CADEC corpus and compare three families of approaches: (i) BERT-style encoders (BERT Base, BioClinicalBERT, RoBERTa-large), (ii) GPT-4o used with few-shot in-context learning (ICL)…

Encoder-based transformer models are central to biomedical and clinical Natural Language Processing (NLP), as their bidirectional self-attention makes them well-suited for efficiently extracting structured information from unstructured text…

The practice of fine-tuning Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) from general or domain-specific data to a specific task with limited resources, has gained popularity within the field of natural language processing (NLP). In this work, we…

The rapid adoption of LLMs has overshadowed the potential advantages of traditional BERT-like models in text classification. This study challenges the prevailing "LLM-centric" trend by systematically comparing three category methods, i.e.,…

Millions of people openly share mental health struggles on social media, providing rich data for early detection of conditions such as depression, bipolar disorder, etc. However, most prior Natural Language Processing (NLP) research has…

In multilingual healthcare applications, the availability of domain-specific natural language processing(NLP) tools is limited, especially for low-resource languages. Although multilingual bidirectional encoder representations from…

Joint image-text embedding extracted from medical images and associated contextual reports is the bedrock for most biomedical vision-and-language (V+L) tasks, including medical visual question answering, clinical image-text retrieval,…

Recently, Large Language Models (LLM) have demonstrated impressive capability to solve a wide range of tasks. However, despite their success across various tasks, no prior work has investigated their capability in the biomedical domain yet.…