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We present a further observational analysis of the $\Lambda_{\rm s}$CDM model proposed in Akarsu et al. [Phys. Rev. D 104, 123512 (2021)]. This model is based on the recent conjecture suggesting the Universe has transitioned from anti-de…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-17 Ozgur Akarsu , Suresh Kumar , Emre Ozulker , J. Alberto Vazquez , Anita Yadav

Future precision measurements of CMB polarizations can shed new light on the problem so called Hubble tension. The Hubble tension comes from the difference of the evolutions of the Hubble parameter which are determined with two different…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-15 Noriaki Kitazawa

We study the cosmological constraints on the variation of the Newton's constant and on post-Newtonian parameters for simple models of scalar-tensor theory of gravity beyond the extended Jordan-Brans-Dicke theory. We restrict ourselves to an…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-07 M. Rossi , M. Ballardini , M. Braglia , F. Finelli , D. Paoletti , A. A. Starobinsky , C. Umiltà

In this Letter we propose an interpretation of the Hubble tension as an effect of the scale-running of cosmological parameters and fundamental constants, as the Newton's constant $G$ and the cosmological constant $\Lambda$. Namely, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-01 Fabio Briscese

The Hubble tension, characterized by discrepant measurements of the Hubble constant from early and late universe probes, remains one of the most significant challenges in cosmology. Building upon our previous analysis of individual…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-18 Mohit K. Sharma

Despite the outstanding achievements of modern cosmology, the classical dispute on the precise value of $H_0$, which is the first ever parameter of modern cosmology and one of the prime parameters in the field, still goes on and on after…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-22 Joan Sola , Adria Gomez-Valent , Javier de Cruz Perez

Cosmology has entered a precision era in which discrepancies between independent datasets, most notably the $H_0$ and $S_8$ tensions, have become robust and statistically significant. These tensions are no longer isolated anomalies but…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-01 Amare Abebe

The standard cosmological model is in the midst of a stress test, thanks to the tension between supernovae-based measurements of the Hubble constant $H_{0}$ and inferences of its values from Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-05 K. Rezazadeh , A. Ashoorioon , D. Grin

A number of recent studies have found evidence for a tension between observations of large-scale structure (LSS) and the predictions of the standard model of cosmology with the cosmological parameters fit to the cosmic microwave background…

Current cosmological constraints on the scalar spectral index of primordial fluctuations $n_{\rm s}$ in the $\Lambda$CDM model have excluded the minimal scale-invariant Harrison-Zel'dovich model ($n_{\rm s}=1$; hereafter HZ) at high…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-26 Eleonora Di Valentino , Alessandro Melchiorri , Yabebal Fantaye , Alan Heavens

Late time cosmic acceleration may be achieved by modifying gravity on large scales. This should also have consequences on the evolution of perturbations. We thus extend our study of exponential infrared $f(T)$ teleparallel gravity to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-11 Mahmoud Hashim , Amr A. El-Zant , Waleed El Hanafy , Alexey Golovnev

One of the problem revealed recently in cosmology is a so-called Hubble tension (HT), which is the difference between values of the present Hubble constant, measured by observation of the universe at redshift $z \lesssim 1$, and by…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-18 G. S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan

The strong discrepancy between local and inverse distance ladder estimates of the Hubble constant $H_0$ could be pointing towards new physics beyond $\Lambda$CDM. Several attempts to address this tension through new physics rely on extended…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-15 Sunny Vagnozzi

Recent results from Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), in combination with cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements, have focused renewed attention on dark energy models with a time-varying…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-31 Anowar J. Shajib , Joshua A. Frieman

Nonlocal massive gravity can provide an interesting explanation for the late-time cosmic acceleration, with a dark energy equation of state $w_{\rm DE}$ smaller than $-1$ in the past. We derive the equations of linear cosmological…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-11 Savvas Nesseris , Shinji Tsujikawa

Yes, for a wide range of cosmological models ($\Lambda$CDM, non-interacting $w_z$CDM or models with possible interactions between dark energy and dark matter, in either phantom or non-phantom regimes). In the recent past there have been…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-17 Archita Bhattacharyya , Ujjaini Alam , Kanhaiya Lal Pandey , Subinoy Das , Supratik Pal

It has been claimed recently that massive sterile neutrinos could bring about a new concordance between observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the large-scale structure (LSS) of the Universe, and local measurements of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-30 Boris Leistedt , Hiranya V. Peiris , Licia Verde

Current tensions in cosmology, including $H_0$ and $\sigma_8$, provide one of the strong reasons to suspect the existence of physics beyond the standard model of cosmology ($\Lambda$CDM). In this paper, we investigate if there is a relation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-31 Zahra Davari , Nima Khosravi

We investigate a relativistic cosmological model with background rotation, sourced by a non-perfect fluid with anisotropic stress. A modified version of the CLASS Boltzmann code is employed to perform Monte Carlo Markov Chain analyses…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-16 Micol Benetti , David A. Cook , Saulo Carneiro

Characterizing the physical properties of the stochastic gravitational waves background (SGWB) is a key step towards identifying the nature of its possible origin. We focus our analysis on SGWB anisotropies. The existence of a non-trivial…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-14 Peter Adshead , Niayesh Afshordi , Emanuela Dimastrogiovanni , Matteo Fasiello , Eugene A. Lim , Gianmassimo Tasinato