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Tropical geometry with the max-plus algebra has been applied to statistical learning models over tree spaces because geometry with the tropical metric over tree spaces has some nice properties such as convexity in terms of the tropical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-02 Ruriko Yoshida , Shelby Cox

Estimating the structure of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) from observational data remains a significant challenge in machine learning. Most research in this area concentrates on learning a single DAG for the entire population. This paper…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-21 Ryan Thompson , Edwin V. Bonilla , Robert Kohn

Polytropes are both ordinary and tropical polytopes. We show that tropical types of polytropes in $\mathbb{TP}^{n-1}$ are in bijection with cones of a certain Gr\"{o}bner fan $\mathcal{GF}_n$ in $\mathbb{R}^{n^2 - n}$ restricted to a small…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-12 Ngoc Mai Tran

We develop a combinatorial framework to study certain polyhedral maps which are higher-dimensional analogues of tropical covers between metric graphs. Under a mild combinatorial assumption, we show that a map satisfies the so-called…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-08 Alejandro Vargas

We introduce tropical complexes, as an enrichment of the dual complex of a degeneration with additional data from non-transverse intersection numbers. We define cycles, divisors, and linear equivalence on tropical complexes, analogous both…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-09-13 Dustin Cartwright

We study a generalisation of the random recursive tree (RRT) model and its multigraph counterpart, the uniform directed acyclic graph (DAG). Here, vertices are equipped with a random vertex-weight representing initial inhomogeneities in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-12-29 Bas Lodewijks , Marcel Ortgiese

The tree complex is a simplicial complex defined in recent work of Belk, Lanier, Margalit, and Winarski with natural applications to mapping class groups and complex dynamics. In this article, we connect this setting with the study of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-17 Michael Dougherty

The conditional independence (CI) relation of a distribution in a max-linear Bayesian network depends on its weight matrix through the $C^\ast$-separation criterion. These CI~models, which we call maxoids, are compositional graphoids which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Tobias Boege , Kamillo Ferry , Benjamin Hollering , Francesco Nowell

Adjacency polytopes, a.k.a. symmetric edge polytopes, associated with undirected graphs have been defined and studied in several seemingly independent areas including number theory, discrete geometry, and dynamical systems. In particular,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-15 Tianran Chen , Evgeniia Korchevskaia

This paper supplements [17], showing that categorically the layered theory is the same as the theory of ordered monoids (e.g. the max-plus algebra) used in tropical mathematics. A layered theory is developed in the context of categories,…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2012-07-17 Zur Izhakian , Manfred Knebusch , Louis Rowen

Bayesian networks represent relations between variables using a directed acyclic graph (DAG). Learning the DAG is an NP-hard problem and exact learning algorithms are feasible only for small sets of variables. We propose two scalable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Pierre Gillot , Pekka Parviainen

Recently, so-called treebased phylogenetic networks have gained considerable interest in the literature, where a treebased network is a network that can be constructed from a phylogenetic tree, called the base tree, by adding additional…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-11-28 Mareike Fischer , Michelle Galla , Lina Herbst , Yangjing Long , Kristina Wicke

We consider the multilinear polytope defined as the convex hull of the feasible region of a linearized binary polynomial optimization problem. We define a relaxation in an extended space for this polytope, which we refer to as the complete…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-18 Alberto Del Pia , Aida Khajavirad

Broadcasting in a computer network is a method of transferring a message to all recipients simultaneously. It is common in this situation to use a tree with many leaves to perform the broadcast, as internal nodes have to forward the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Cristina G. Fernandes , Carla N. Lintzmayer

We study the relationship between min-plus, max-plus and Euclidean convexity for subsets of $\mathbb{R}^n$. We introduce a construction which associates to any max-plus convex set with compact projectivisation a canonical matrix called its…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2014-11-07 Marianne Johnson , Mark Kambites

The purpose of this article is to investigate triangularization and simultaneous triangularization of matrices over max algebras using graph theoretic methods. We establish a connection between commutators and commutants with simultaneous…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Askar Ali M , Sachindranath Jayaraman , Himadri Mukherjee

A graph profile records all possible densities of a fixed finite set of graphs. Profiles can be extremely complicated; for instance the full profile of any triple of connected graphs is not known, and little is known about hypergraph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-04 Grigoriy Blekherman , Annie Raymond , Mohit Singh , Rekha R. Thomas

In the last few years there has been a growing interest towards methods for statistical inference and learning based on computational geometry and, notably, tropical geometry, that is, the study of algebraic varieties over the min-plus…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Davide Barbarossa , Paolo Pistone

Already for bivariate tropical polynomials, factorization is an NP-Complete problem. In this paper, we give an efficient algorithm for factorization and rational factorization of a rich class of tropical polynomials in $n$ variables.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-10 Bo Lin , Ngoc Mai Tran

Tropical Geometry and Mathematical Morphology share the same max-plus and min-plus semiring arithmetic and matrix algebra. In this chapter we summarize some of their main ideas and common (geometric and algebraic) structure, generalize and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Petros Maragos , Emmanouil Theodosis