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Blazars are jetted active galactic nuclei with a jet pointing close to the line of sight, hence enhancing their intrinsic luminosity and variability. Monitoring these sources is essential in order to catch them flaring and promptly organize…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-01-23 Jean-Philippe Lenain

Blazars are active galactic nuclei with relativistic jets pointed almost directly at Earth. Blazars are characterized by strong, apparently stochastic flux variability at virtually all observed wavelengths and timescales, from minutes to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-16 Aryeh Brill

Blazars are a class of active galactic nuclei which host relativistic jets oriented close to the observer's line of sight. Blazars have very complex variability properties. Flares, namely flux variations around the mean value with a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-01-19 Ze-Rui Wang , Ruo-Yu Liu , Maria Petropoulou , Foteini Oikonomou , Rui Xue , Xiang-Yu Wang

Ground-based $\gamma$-ray observatories, such as the VERITAS array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, provide insight into very-high-energy (VHE, $\mathrm{E}>100\,\mathrm{GeV}$) astrophysical transient events. Examples include the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-09-21 Konstantin Pfrang

We are leading a comprehensive multi-waveband monitoring program of 34 gamma-ray bright blazars designed to locate the emission regions of blazars from radio to gamma-ray frequencies. The "maps" are anchored by sequences of images in both…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-20 Alan Marscher , Svetlana G. Jorstad , Valeri M. Larionov , Margo F. Aller , Anne Lahteenmaki

Blazars represent dominant population of the extragalactic $\gamma$-ray sources in the Universe. These sources exhibit some characteristic properties like strong and non-thermal continuum emission over the entire electromagnetic spectrum…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-10-07 K. K. Singh , P. J. Meintjes

Blazars, a unique class of active galactic nuclei, exhibit highly variable emission across the electromagnetic spectrum. This variability frequently manifests as intense flaring events, sparking an ongoing debate in recent literature about…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-08 Pablo Peñil , Nuria Torres-Albà , Alba Rico , Marco Ajello , Sara Buson , Sagar Adhikari

Blazars, a type of active galactic nuclei (AGN) with relativistic jets pointed at the observer, exhibit flux variability across the electromagnetic spectrum due to particle acceleration in their jets. Power spectral density (PSD) studies…

With their jet pointing towards us, blazars are ideal tools to study the physics and structure of extragalactic jets. Their powerful jets are cosmic particle accelerators and are alleged to be one of the production sites of the high-energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-25 Claudia M. Raiteri

Blazars are a subclass of active galactic nuclei (AGN) that emit non-thermal radiation through relativistic jets, characterized by rapid flux and polarization variability. High synchrotron-peaked blazars (HSPs) and extreme high…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-26 Adithiya Dinesh , Alberto Dominguez , V. Paliya , J. L. Contreras , S. Buson , M. Ajello

Blazars are an extreme subclass of active galactic nuclei. Their rapid variability, luminous brightness, superluminal motion, and high and variable polarization are probably due to a beaming effect. However, this beaming factor (or Doppler…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-02-21 J. H. Fan , J. H. Yang , H. B. Xiao , C. Lin , D. Constantin , G. Y. Luo , Z. Y. Pei , J. M. Hao , Y. W. Mao

Blazars are among the most studied sources in high-energy astrophysics as they form the largest fraction of extragalactic gamma-ray sources and are considered prime candidates for being the counterparts of high-energy astrophysical…

Blazars are the brightest and most abundant persistent sources in the extragalactic gamma-ray sky. Due to their significance, they are often observed across various energy bands to explore potential correlations between emissions at…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-22 P. Giommi , N. Sahakyan , D. Israyelyan , M. Manvelyan

Blazars are a highly-variable, radio-loud subclass of active galactic nuclei (AGN). In order to better understand such objects we must be able to easily identify candidate blazars from the growing population of unidentified sources. Working…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-16 Philip S. Cowperthwaite , F. Massaro , R. D'Abrusco , A. Paggi , G. Tosti , Howard A. Smith

With their emission mainly coming from a relativistic jet pointing towards us, blazars are fundamental sources to study extragalactic jets and their central engines, consisting of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) fed by accretion discs.…

Active galactic nuclei come in many varieties. A minority of them are radio-loud, and exhibit two opposite prominent plasma jets extending from the proximity of the supermassive black hole up to megaparsec distances. When one of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-06-14 Claudia M. Raiteri , Massimo Villata

Very-high energy (VHE; $>$100 GeV) $\gamma$-ray emission originates via some of the most extreme particle acceleration processes in the universe. Considering beamed active galactic nuclei, i.e., blazars, only a small fraction, mainly high…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-10 Sushmita Agarwal , Vaidehi S. Paliya

Blazars are a class of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) known for their very rapid variabilty in the high energy regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Despite this known fast variability, X-ray observations have generally not revealed…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 Matthew Pryal , Abe Falcone , Michael Stroh

Blazars are very broadband cosmic sources with spectra spanning over twenty orders of magnitude in frequency, down to the 100 MHz regime in the radio range, up to VHE at several tens of TeV. The modelling of their spectral energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-08 Hélène Sol , Andreas Zech

Blazars are the most violent steady/recurrent sources of high-energy gamma-ray emission in the known Universe. They are prominent emitters of electromagnetic radiation throughout the entire electromagnetic spectrum. The observable radiation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Markus Boettcher
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