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Recent advances in computational pathology have led to the emergence of numerous foundation models. These models typically rely on general-purpose encoders with multi-instance learning for whole slide image (WSI) classification or apply…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Yuxuan Sun , Yixuan Si , Chenglu Zhu , Kai Zhang , Zhongyi Shui , Bowen Ding , Tao Lin , Lin Yang

From self-supervised, vision-only models to contrastive visual-language frameworks, computational pathology has rapidly evolved in recent years. Generative AI "co-pilots" now demonstrate the ability to mine subtle, sub-visual tissue cues…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Mohsin Bilal , Aadam , Manahil Raza , Youssef Altherwy , Anas Alsuhaibani , Abdulrahman Abduljabbar , Fahdah Almarshad , Paul Golding , Nasir Rajpoot

Recent breakthroughs in self-supervised learning have enabled the use of large unlabeled datasets to train visual foundation models that can generalize to a variety of downstream tasks. While this training paradigm is well suited for the…

The emergence of pathology foundation models has revolutionized computational histopathology, enabling highly accurate, generalized whole-slide image analysis for improved cancer diagnosis, and prognosis assessment. While these models show…

Pathology images are considered the ``gold standard" for cancer diagnosis and treatment, with gigapixel images providing extensive tissue and cellular information. Existing methods fail to simultaneously extract global structural and local…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Haoming Luo , Xiaotian Yu , Shengxuming Zhang , Jiabin Xia , Yang Jian , Yuning Sun , Liang Xue , Mingli Song , Jing Zhang , Xiuming Zhang , Zunlei Feng

Pathology is the study of microscopic inspection of tissue, and a pathology diagnosis is often the medical gold standard to diagnose disease. Pathology images provide a unique challenge for computer-vision-based analysis: a single pathology…

As an emerging interpretable technique, Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) adopt neural networks to individually learn non-linear functions for each feature, which are then combined through a linear model for final predictions. Although…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Viet Duong , Qiong Wu , Zhengyi Zhou , Hongjue Zhao , Chenxiang Luo , Eric Zavesky , Huaxiu Yao , Huajie Shao

Pathology foundation models have shown strong retrospective performance, but whether such systems can support clinically relevant use remains unclear. This challenge is particularly important in breast cancer, where pathological assessment…

Computational pathology has made significant progress in recent years, fueling advances in both fundamental disease understanding and clinically ready tools. This evolution is driven by the availability of large amounts of digitized slides…

In recent years, foundation models such as CLIP, DINO,and CONCH have demonstrated remarkable domain generalization and unsupervised feature extraction capabilities across diverse imaging tasks. However, systematic and independent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Lavish Ramchandani , Aashay Tinaikar , Dev Kumar Das , Rohit Garg , Tijo Thomas

While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved notable progress in computational pathology (CPath), the gigapixel scale and spatial heterogeneity of Whole Slide Images (WSIs) continue to pose challenges for multimodal understanding.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Fengchun Liu , Songhan Jiang , Linghan Cai , Ziyue Wang , Yongbing Zhang

Presenting whole slide images (WSIs) as graph will enable a more efficient and accurate learning framework for cancer diagnosis. Due to the fact that a single WSI consists of billions of pixels and there is a lack of vast annotated datasets…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-09 Milan Aryal , Nasim Yahyasoltani

In the realm of artificial intelligence, the emergence of foundation models, backed by high computing capabilities and extensive data, has been revolutionary. Segment Anything Model (SAM), built on the Vision Transformer (ViT) model with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Xinyang Pu , Hecheng Jia , Linghao Zheng , Feng Wang , Feng Xu

Recent advancements in foundation models, typically trained with self-supervised learning on large-scale and diverse datasets, have shown great potential in medical image analysis. However, due to the significant spatial heterogeneity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Lingxiao Luo , Xuanzhong Chen , Bingda Tang , Xinsheng Chen , Rong Han , Chengpeng Hu , Yujiang Li , Ting Chen

We present TALE, a novel training-free framework harnessing the generative capabilities of text-to-image diffusion models to address the cross-domain image composition task that focuses on flawlessly incorporating user-specified objects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Kien T. Pham , Jingye Chen , Qifeng Chen

Foundation models pretrained on large-scale datasets are revolutionizing the field of computational pathology (CPath). The generalization ability of foundation models is crucial for the success in various downstream clinical tasks. However,…

The automation of workflows in advanced microscopy is a key goal where foundation models like Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) show great potential. However, adapting these general-purpose models for specialized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Robinson Umeike , Neil Getty , Yin Xiangyu , Yi Jiang

Whole slide images (WSIs) are vital in digital pathology, enabling gigapixel tissue analysis across various pathological tasks. While recent advancements in multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) allow multi-task WSI analysis through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Xinheng Lyu , Yuci Liang , Wenting Chen , Meidan Ding , Jiaqi Yang , Guolin Huang , Daokun Zhang , Xiangjian He , Linlin Shen

While pathology foundation models have transformed cancer image analysis, they often lack integration with molecular data at single-cell resolution, limiting their utility for precision oncology. Here, we present PAST, a pan-cancer…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-10 Changchun Yang , Haoyang Li , Yushuai Wu , Yilan Zhang , Yifeng Jiao , Yu Zhang , Rihan Huang , Yuan Cheng , Yuan Qi , Xin Guo , Xin Gao

The complexity and variability inherent in high-resolution pathological images present significant challenges in computational pathology. While pathology foundation models leveraging AI have catalyzed transformative advancements, their…

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