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When two electrode open-circuit potentials form a full-cell OCV (open-circuit voltage) model, cell-level SOH (state of health) parameters related to LLI (loss of lithium inventory) and LAM (loss of active materials) naturally appear. Such…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-04-04 Jing Lin , Edwin Khoo

Accurate identification of lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery parameters is essential for managing and predicting battery behavior. However, existing discrete-time methods hinder the estimation of physical parameters and face the fast-slow…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-26 Yang Wang , Riccardo M. G. Ferrari , Michel Verhaegen

Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are ubiquitous in electric vehicles (EVs) as efficient energy storage devices. The reliable operation of Li-ion batteries depends critically on the accurate estimation of battery capacity. However,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Yang Wang , Marta Zagorowska , Riccardo M. G. Ferrari

The open circuit voltage to the state of charge (OCVSOC) characteristic is crucial for battery management systems. Using the OCV-SOC curve, the SOC and the battery capacity can be estimated in real-time. Accurate SOC and capacity…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-30 Prarthana Pillai , James Nguyen , Balakumar Balasingam

Renewable energy is critical for combating climate change, whose first step is the storage of electricity generated from renewable energy sources. Li-ion batteries are a popular kind of storage units. Their continuous usage through…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-05 Youngjin Cho , Quyen Do , Pang Du , Yili Hong

This paper is the second part of a series of papers about empirical approaches to open circuit voltage (OCV) modeling and its performance comparison in lithium-ion batteries. The first part of the series introduced various sources of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-30 Prarthana Pillai , James Nguyen , Balakumar Balasingam

This paper is the third part of a series of papers about empirical approaches to open circuit voltage (OCV) modeling of lithium-ion batteries. The first part of the series proposed models to quantify various sources of uncertainties in the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-30 Prarthana Pillai , James Nguyen , Balakumar Balasingam

This paper considers the problem of resistance estimation in electronic systems including battery management systems (BMS) and battery chargers. In typical applications, the battery resistance is obtained through an approximate method…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-27 Prarthana Pillai , Smeet Desai , Krishna R. Pattipati , Balakumar Balasingam

Battery degradation modes influence the aging behavior of Li-ion batteries, leading to accelerated capacity loss and potential safety issues. Quantifying these aging mechanisms poses challenges for both online and offline diagnostics in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-16 Yuanhao Cheng , Hanyu Bai , Yichen Liang , Xiaofan Cui , Weiren Jiang , Ziyou Song

Understanding battery degradation in electric vehicles (EVs) under real-world conditions remains a critical yet under-explored area of research. Central to this investigation is the challenge of estimating the specific degradation modes in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-20 Raja Abhishek Appana , Faissal El Idrissi , Prashanth Ramesh , Marcello Canova , Chun Yong Kang , Kimoon Um

Incremental capacity analysis (ICA) and differential voltage analysis (DVA) are two effective approaches for battery degradation monitoring. One limiting factor for their real-world application is that they require constant-current (CC)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-12 Qinan Zhou , Gabrielle Vuylsteke , R. Dyche Anderson , Jing Sun

This study develops a methodology by capturing both the battery aging state and degradation rate for improved life prediction performance. The aging state is indicated by six physical features of an equivalent circuit model that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Mingyuan Zhao , Yongzhi Zhang

Accurate monitoring of lithium-ion battery (LIB) degradation is essential, yet it remains challenging due to the complex, nonlinear, and time-varying nature of electrochemical aging processes. Conventional equivalent circuit models (ECMs)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Khalid Mahmud Labib , Saad Waheed , Bakhtiar Nafis , Shabbir Ahmed

Predicting lithium-ion battery lifetime is one of the greatest unsolved problems in battery research right now. Recent years have witnessed a surge in lifetime prediction papers using physics-based, empirical, or data-driven models, most of…

Health evaluation for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) typically relies on constant charging/discharging protocols, often neglecting scenarios involving dynamic current profiles prevalent in electric vehicles. Conventional health indicators for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 J. C. Chen

Capacity degradation of lithium-ion batteries under long-term cyclic aging is modelled via a flexible sigmoidal-type regression set-up, where the regression parameters can be interpreted. Different approaches known from the literature are…

Applications · Statistics 2019-07-31 Marcus Johnen , Simon Pitzen , Udo Kamps , Maria Kateri , Dirk Uwe Sauer

Degradation mode analysis (DMA) is widely used to decompose capacity fade into loss of lithium inventory (LLI) and loss of active material (LAM) from low-rate voltage-capacity data. Yet the measured trace is a pseudo-OCV (pOCV) that…

The techno-economic benefits of incorporating battery degradation into advanced control strategies necessitate the development of degradation diagnosis as an advanced function in battery management systems (BMSs). To address this, a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-29 Huang Zhang , Torsten Wik

Retired batteries (RBs) for second-life applications offer promising economic and environmental benefits. However, accurate and efficient sorting of RBs with discrepant characteristics persists as a pressing challenge. In this study, we…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-22 Ruohan Guo , Feng Wang , Cungang Hu , Weixiang Shen

Layered transition metal oxides (TMO) are widely used as cathode materials in Na/Li batteries. The open-circuit voltage (OCV), which determines the energy density (together with capacity), is among the key physical and chemical factors…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-07-17 Sourav Baiju , Konstantin Köster , Mark Huijben , Payam Kaghazhi
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