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Related papers: Untangling Hate Speech Definitions: A Semantic Com…

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Offensive or antagonistic language targeted at individuals and social groups based on their personal characteristics (also known as cyber hate speech or cyberhate) has been frequently posted and widely circulated viathe World Wide Web. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-09 Wafa Alorainy , Pete Burnap , Han Liu , Matthew Williams

In the evolving landscape of online communication, hate speech detection remains a formidable challenge, further compounded by the diversity of digital platforms. This study investigates the effectiveness and adaptability of pre-trained and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Ahmad Nasir , Aadish Sharma , Kokil Jaidka , Saifuddin Ahmed

Social media platforms provide users the freedom of expression and a medium to exchange information and express diverse opinions. Unfortunately, this has also resulted in the growth of abusive content with the purpose of discriminating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Sohail Akhtar , Valerio Basile , Viviana Patti

This research introduces a novel approach to textual and multimodal Hate Speech Detection (HSD), using Large Language Models (LLMs) as dynamic knowledge bases to generate background context and incorporate it into the input of HSD…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Joshua Wolfe Brook , Ilia Markov

Hate speech (HS) classifiers do not perform equally well in detecting hateful expressions towards different target identities. They also demonstrate systematic biases in predicted hatefulness scores. Tapping on two recently proposed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Yiping Jin , Leo Wanner , Aneesh Moideen Koya

Hate speech annotation is costly, subjective, and prone to annotator disagreement, making large-scale dataset construction challenging. We systematically analyze how well large language models (LLMs) align with human judgments across ten…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Mohammad Amine Jradi , Faeze Ghorbanpour , Alexander Fraser

Hate speech detection is a critical problem in social media platforms, being often accused for enabling the spread of hatred and igniting physical violence. Hate speech detection requires overwhelming resources including high-performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Tomer Wullach , Amir Adler , Einat Minkov

Perceptions of hate can vary greatly across cultural contexts. Hate speech (HS) datasets, however, have traditionally been developed by language. This hides potential cultural biases, as one language may be spoken in different countries…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Manuel Tonneau , Diyi Liu , Samuel Fraiberger , Ralph Schroeder , Scott A. Hale , Paul Röttger

The widespread presence of hateful languages on social media has resulted in adverse effects on societal well-being. As a result, addressing this issue with high priority has become very important. Hate speech or offensive languages exist…

The societal issue of digital hostility has previously attracted a lot of attention. The topic counts an ample body of literature, yet remains prominent and challenging as ever due to its subjective nature. We posit that a better…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Antigoni-Maria Founta , Lucia Specia

Hate speech detection across contemporary social media presents unique challenges due to linguistic diversity and the informal nature of online discourse. These challenges are further amplified in settings involving code-mixing,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Daman Deep Singh , Ramanuj Bhattacharjee , Abhijnan Chakraborty

A growing body of work has focused on text classification methods for detecting the increasing amount of hate speech posted online. This progress has been limited to only a select number of highly-resourced languages causing detection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Aman Khullar , Daniel Nkemelu , Cuong V. Nguyen , Michael L. Best

Content moderation faces a challenging task as social media's ability to spread hate speech contrasts with its role in promoting global connectivity. With rapidly evolving slang and hate speech, the adaptability of conventional deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Paras Sheth , Tharindu Kumarage , Raha Moraffah , Aman Chadha , Huan Liu

The performance of hate speech detection models relies on the datasets on which the models are trained. Existing datasets are mostly prepared with a limited number of instances or hate domains that define hate topics. This hinders…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Cagri Toraman , Furkan Şahinuç , Eyup Halit Yilmaz

The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the influence of sociocultural factors (i.e., social, cultural, and political) in the development of hate speech detection systems. We set out to investigate the suitability of using open-source…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Sidney G. -J. Wong

Background: What counts as violence is neither self-evident nor universally agreed upon. While physical aggression is prototypical, contemporary societies increasingly debate whether exclusion, humiliation, online harassment or symbolic…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-02-20 Mariachiara Stellato , Francesco Lancia , Chiara Galeazzi , Nico Curti

This paper is a contribution to the Hate Speech and Offensive Content Identification in Indo-European Languages (HASOC) 2021 shared task. Social media today is a hotbed of toxic and hateful conversations, in various languages. Recent news…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Mehar Bhatia , Tenzin Singhay Bhotia , Akshat Agarwal , Prakash Ramesh , Shubham Gupta , Kumar Shridhar , Felix Laumann , Ayushman Dash

We study malicious online content via a specific type of hate speech: race, ethnicity and national-origin based discrimination in social media, alongside hate crimes motivated by those characteristics, in 100 cities across the United…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-02-04 Kunal Relia , Zhengyi Li , Stephanie H. Cook , Rumi Chunara

Research on hate speech has predominantly revolved around detection and interpretation from textual inputs, leaving verbal content largely unexplored. While there has been limited exploration into hate speech detection within verbal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Jinmyeong An , Wonjun Lee , Yejin Jeon , Jungseul Ok , Yunsu Kim , Gary Geunbae Lee

The rise in the number of social media users has led to an increase in the hateful content posted online. In countries like India, where multiple languages are spoken, these abhorrent posts are from an unusual blend of code-switched…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Kshitij Rajput , Raghav Kapoor , Kaushal Rai , Preeti Kaur
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