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The emergence of robot-based body augmentation promises exciting innovations that will inform robotics, human-machine interaction, and wearable electronics. Even though augmentative devices like extra robotic arms and fingers in many ways…

Rigid-bodied robots often lack compliance needed to adapt to unstructured environments, while fully soft robots, though highly adaptable, struggle with scalability and load capacity. In nature, musculoskeletal systems balance strength and…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Hiroki Kobayashi , Yuki Takaha , Changyoung Yuhn , Yuki Sato , Sunao Tomita , Atsushi Kawamoto , Tsuyoshi Nomura

The complex ways in which humans utilize their bodies in sports and martial arts are remarkable, and human motion analysis is one of the most effective tools for robot body design and control. On the other hand, motion analysis is not easy,…

Whole-body humanoid motion represents a fundamental challenge in robotics, requiring balance, coordination, and adaptability to enable human-like behaviors. However, existing methods typically require multiple training samples per motion,…

The human arm exhibits remarkable capabilities, including both explosive power and precision, which demonstrate dexterity, compliance, and robustness in unstructured environments. Developing robotic systems that emulate human-like…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Jianbo Yuan , Jing Dai , Yerui Fan , Yaxiong Wu , Yunpeng Liang , Weixin Yan

Recent developments in hybrid biological-technological systems (hybrid bionic systems) has made clear the need for evaluating ergonomic fit in such systems, especially as users first become adjusted to using such systems. This training is…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2009-04-22 Bradly Alicea

Previous humanoid robot research works treat the robot as a bipedal mobile manipulation platform, where only the feet and hands contact the environment. However, we humans use all body parts to interact with the world, e.g., we sit in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Ziwen Zhuang , Hang Zhao

In recent years, some research on musculoskeletal humanoids is in progress. However, there are some challenges such as unmeasurable transformation of body structure and muscle path, and difficulty in measuring own motion because of lack of…

Legged systems have many advantages when compared to their wheeled counterparts. For example, they can more easily navigate extreme, uneven terrain. However, there are disadvantages as well, particularly the difficulty seen in modeling the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Andrew Albright , Joshua Vaughan

Humanoid robots have complex bodies and kinematic chains with several Degrees-of-Freedom (DoF) which are difficult to model. Learning the parameters of a kinematic model can be achieved by observing the position of the robot links during…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Gonçalo Cunha , Pedro Vicente , Alexandre Bernardino , Ricardo Ribeiro , Plínio Moreno

Balancing and push-recovery are essential capabilities enabling humanoid robots to solve complex locomotion tasks. In this context, classical control systems tend to be based on simplified physical models and hard-coded strategies. Although…

Learning policies for complex humanoid tasks remains both challenging and compelling. Inspired by how infants and athletes rely on external support--such as parental walkers or coach-applied guidance--to acquire skills like walking,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Zhanxiang Cao , Yang Zhang , Buqing Nie , Huangxuan Lin , Haoyang Li , Yue Gao

Humanoid robots hold great potential to perform various human-level skills, involving unified locomotion and manipulation in real-world settings. Driven by advances in machine learning and the strength of existing model-based approaches,…

Whole-body control for humanoids is challenging due to the high-dimensional nature of the problem, coupled with the inherent instability of a bipedal morphology. Learning from visual observations further exacerbates this difficulty. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Nicklas Hansen , Jyothir S , Vlad Sobal , Yann LeCun , Xiaolong Wang , Hao Su

The human body is a complex organism whose gross mechanical properties are enabled by an interconnected musculoskeletal network controlled by the nervous system. The nature of musculoskeletal interconnection facilitates stability, voluntary…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2016-12-20 Andrew C. Murphy , Sarah F. Muldoon , David Baker , Adam Lastowka , Brittany Bennett , Muzhi Yang , Danielle S. Bassett

Recent advancements in whole-body control through deep reinforcement learning have enabled humanoid robots to achieve remarkable progress in real-world chal lenging locomotion skills. However, existing approaches often struggle with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yuen-Fui Lau , Qihan Zhao , Yinhuai Wang , Runyi Yu , Hok Wai Tsui , Qifeng Chen , Ping Tan

Imitation learning is a promising approach for training humanoid robots to both walk and manipulate, but it requires a large number of demonstrations, which are time-intensive and difficult to collect via teleoperation. Existing…

We present an active learning algorithm for the problem of body schema learning, i.e. estimating a kinematic model of a serial robot. The learning process is done online using Recursive Least Squares (RLS) estimation, which outperforms…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Ruben Martinez-Cantin , Manuel Lopes , Luis Montesano

One of the key arguments for building robots that have similar form factors to human beings is that we can leverage the massive human data for training. Yet, doing so has remained challenging in practice due to the complexities in humanoid…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Zipeng Fu , Qingqing Zhao , Qi Wu , Gordon Wetzstein , Chelsea Finn

Musculoskeletal robots provide superior advantages in flexibility and dexterity, positioning them as a promising frontier towards embodied intelligence. However, current research is largely confined to relative simple tasks, restricting the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Wentao Zhao , Jun Guo , Kangyao Huang , Xin Liu , Huaping Liu