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Deep neural-network-based language models (LMs) are increasingly applied to large-scale protein sequence data to predict protein function. However, being largely black-box models and thus challenging to interpret, current protein LM…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-06 Mai Ha Vu , Rahmad Akbar , Philippe A. Robert , Bartlomiej Swiatczak , Victor Greiff , Geir Kjetil Sandve , Dag Trygve Truslew Haug

Large protein complexes are assembled from protein subunits to form a specific structure. In our theoretic work, we propose that assembly into the correct structure could be reliably achieved through an assembly line with a specific…

Biological Physics · Physics 2022-03-23 Tyler S. Harmon , Frank Jülicher

Self-assembly processes are widespread in nature, and lie at the heart of many biological and physical phenomena. The characteristics of self-assembly building blocks determine the structures that they form. Two crucial properties are the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-09-11 S. Tesoro , S. E. Ahnert , A. S. Leonard

In living cells, proteins self-assemble into large functional structures based on specific interactions between molecularly complex patches. Due to this complexity, protein self-assembly results from a competition between a large number of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-12-10 Lara Koehler , Pierre Ronceray , Martin Lenz

Proteins adopt multiple structural conformations to perform their diverse biological functions, and understanding these conformations is crucial for advancing drug discovery. Traditional physics-based simulation methods often struggle with…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-03-14 Jiarui Lu , Xiaoyin Chen , Stephen Zhewen Lu , Chence Shi , Hongyu Guo , Yoshua Bengio , Jian Tang

Proteins, as essential biomolecules, play a central role in biological processes, including metabolic reactions and DNA replication. Accurate prediction of their properties and functions is crucial in biological applications. Recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Wei Wu , Chao Wang , Liyi Chen , Mingze Yin , Yiheng Zhu , Kun Fu , Jieping Ye , Hui Xiong , Zheng Wang

The protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are crucial for understanding the majority of cellular processes. PPIs play important role in gene transcription regulation, cellular signaling, molecular basis of immune response and more. Moreover,…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2016-05-31 Maciej Pawel Ciemny , Mateusz Kurcinski , Andrzej Kolinski , Sebastian Kmiecik

Self-assembly is a ubiquitous process in synthetic and biological systems, broadly defined as the spontaneous organization of multiple subunits (e.g. macromolecules, particles) into ordered multi-unit structures. The vast majority of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-08-08 Michael F. Hagan , Gregory M. Grason

This review article discusses some common enhanced sampling methods in relation to the process of self-assembly of biomolecules. An introduction to self-assembly and its challenges is covered followed by a brief overview of the methods and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-03-03 Mason Hooten , Het Patel , Yiwei Shao , Rishabh Kumar Singh , Meenakshi Dutt

Peptide therapeutics are widely regarded as the "third generation" of drugs, yet progress in peptide Machine Learning (ML) are hindered by the absence of standardized benchmarks. Here we present PepBenchmark, which unifies datasets,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jiahui Zhang , Rouyi Wang , Kuangqi Zhou , Tianshu Xiao , Lingyan Zhu , Yaosen Min , Yang Wang

Protein folding, peptide aggregation and crystallization, as well as adsorption of molecules on soft or solid substrates have an essential feature in common: In all these processes, structure formation is guided by a collective, cooperative…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-02-12 Michael Bachmann , Wolfhard Janke

We show that neural networks trained by evolutionary reinforcement learning can enact efficient molecular self-assembly protocols. Presented with molecular simulation trajectories, networks learn to change temperature and chemical potential…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-06-01 Stephen Whitelam , Isaac Tamblyn

Biomolecular condensates self-assemble when proteins and nucleic acids spontaneously demix to form droplets within the crowded intracellular milieu. This simple mechanism underlies the formation of a wide variety of membraneless…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-06-30 William M. Jacobs

Structure-based drug design has seen significant advancements with the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in the generation of hit and lead compounds. However, most AI-driven approaches neglect the importance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Xinheng He , Yijia Zhang , Haowei Lin , Xingang Peng , Xiangzhe Kong , Mingyu Li , Jianzhu Ma

The prediction of protein structures from sequences is an important task for function prediction, drug design, and related biological processes understanding. Recent advances have proved the power of language models (LMs) in processing the…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-12-01 Bozhen Hu , Jun Xia , Jiangbin Zheng , Cheng Tan , Yufei Huang , Yongjie Xu , Stan Z. Li

Imitation learning from large multi-task demonstration datasets has emerged as a promising path for building generally-capable robots. As a result, 1000s of hours have been spent on building such large-scale datasets around the globe.…

Natural products are substances produced by organisms in nature and often possess biological activity and structural diversity. Drug development based on natural products has been common for many years. However, the intricate structures of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-21 Koh Sakano , Kairi Furui , Masahito Ohue

Recent advancements in specialized large-scale architectures for training image and language have profoundly impacted the field of computer vision and natural language processing (NLP). Language models, such as the recent ChatGPT and GPT4…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-05-04 Sergio Romero-Romero , Sebastian Lindner , Noelia Ferruz

Deep learning is catalyzing a scientific revolution fueled by big data, accessible toolkits, and powerful computational resources, impacting many fields including protein structural modeling. Protein structural modeling, such as predicting…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-17 Wenhao Gao , Sai Pooja Mahajan , Jeremias Sulam , Jeffrey J. Gray

There is an increasing interest in leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for managing structured data and enhancing data science processes. Despite the potential benefits, this integration poses significant questions regarding their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Nathalia Nascimento , Cristina Tavares , Paulo Alencar , Donald Cowan