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Jailbreaking techniques trick Large Language Models (LLMs) into producing restricted output, posing a potential threat. One line of defense is to use another LLM as a Judge to evaluate the harmfulness of generated text. However, we reveal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Zhipeng Wei , Yuqi Liu , N. Benjamin Erichson

Models that rely on subword tokenization have significant drawbacks, such as sensitivity to character-level noise like spelling errors and inconsistent compression rates across different languages and scripts. While character- or byte-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Julie Kallini , Shikhar Murty , Christopher D. Manning , Christopher Potts , Róbert Csordás

Identifying scientific publications that are within a dynamic field of research often requires costly annotation by subject-matter experts. Resources like widely-accepted classification criteria or field taxonomies are unavailable for a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Autumn Toney-Wails , Christian Schoeberl , James Dunham

In affective computing, the task of Emotion Recognition in Conversations (ERC) has emerged as a focal area of research. The primary objective of this task is to predict emotional states within conversations by analyzing multimodal data…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Xiaomin Yu , Feiyang Wang , Ziyue Qiao

The release of ChatGPT has uncovered a range of possibilities whereby large language models (LLMs) can substitute human intelligence. In this paper, we seek to understand whether ChatGPT has the potential to reproduce human-generated label…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Yiming Zhu , Peixian Zhang , Ehsan-Ul Haq , Pan Hui , Gareth Tyson

Positive, supportive online communication in social media (candy speech) has the potential to foster civility, yet automated detection of such language remains underexplored, limiting systematic analysis of its impact. We investigate how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Christian Rene Thelen , Patrick Gustav Blaneck , Tobias Bornheim , Niklas Grieger , Stephan Bialonski

Text embedding models are designed for sentence-level applications like retrieval and semantic similarity, and are primarily evaluated on sentence-level benchmarks. Their behavior on isolated words is less understood. We show that simply…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Rajeev Ranjan

Large LMs such as GPT-3 are powerful, but can commit mistakes that are obvious to humans. For example, GPT-3 would mistakenly interpret "What word is similar to good?" to mean a homophone, while the user intended a synonym. Our goal is to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Aman Madaan , Niket Tandon , Peter Clark , Yiming Yang

Emoticons are indispensable in online communications. With users' growing needs for more customized and expressive emoticons, recent messaging applications begin to support (limited) multi-modal emoticons: e.g., enhancing emoticons with…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Pengcheng An , Ziqi Zhou , Qing Liu , Yifei Yin , Linghao Du , Da-Yuan Huang , Jian Zhao

This paper introduces a novel dataset and evaluation benchmark designed to assess and improve small language models deployable on edge devices, with a focus on user profiling from multi-session natural language interactions in smart home…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Patryk Bartkowiak , Michal Podstawski

Chat GPT belongs to the category of Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) language models, which have received specialized training to produce text based on natural language inputs. Its purpose is to imitate human-like conversation and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Wei Zhou

State-of-the-art speech synthesis models try to get as close as possible to the human voice. Hence, modelling emotions is an essential part of Text-To-Speech (TTS) research. In our work, we selected FastSpeech2 as the starting point and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-04 Daria Diatlova , Vitaly Shutov

Electronic health records contain inconsistently structured or free-text data, requiring efficient preprocessing to enable predictive health care models. Although artificial intelligence-driven natural language processing tools show promise…

Voice assistants like Siri, Google Assistant, Alexa etc. are used widely across the globe for home automation, these require the use of special phrases also known as hotwords to wake it up and perform an action like "Hey Alexa!", "Ok…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Chidhambararajan R , Aman Rangapur , Sibi Chakkaravarthy Sethuraman

Synthesis of digital artifacts conditioned on user prompts has become an important paradigm facilitating an explosion of use cases with generative AI. However, such models often fail to connect the generated outputs and desired target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Melvin Wong , Yew-Soon Ong , Abhishek Gupta , Kavitesh K. Bali , Caishun Chen

Using a vocabulary that is shared across languages is common practice in Multilingual Neural Machine Translation (MNMT). In addition to its simple design, shared tokens play an important role in positive knowledge transfer, assuming that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Di Wu , Christof Monz

Generating emotion-specific talking head videos from audio input is an important and complex challenge for human-machine interaction. However, emotion is highly abstract concept with ambiguous boundaries, and it necessitates disentangled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Xuli Shen , Hua Cai , Dingding Yu , Weilin Shen , Qing Xu , Xiangyang Xue

Online writing lacks the non-verbal cues present in face-to-face communication, which provide additional contextual information about the utterance, such as the speaker's intention or affective state. To fill this void, a number of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-10-30 Umashanthi Pavalanathan , Jacob Eisenstein

Fuzzy Fingerprints have been successfully used as an interpretable text classification technique, but, like most other techniques, have been largely surpassed in performance by Large Pre-trained Language Models, such as BERT or RoBERTa.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Patrícia Pereira , Rui Ribeiro , Helena Moniz , Luisa Coheur , Joao Paulo Carvalho

Mobile messaging apps offer an increasing range of emotional expressions, such as emojis to help users manually augment their texting experiences. Accessibility of such augmentations is limited in voice messaging. With the term "speejis" we…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Ilhan Aslan , Carla F. Griggio , Henning Pohl , Timothy Merritt , Niels van Berkel