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Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have led to impressive progress in natural language generation, yet their tendency to produce hallucinated or unsubstantiated content remains a critical concern. To improve factual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xukai Liu , Ye Liu , Shiwen Wu , Yanghai Zhang , Yihao Yuan , Kai Zhang , Qi Liu

Language models (LMs) are known to suffer from hallucinations and misinformation. Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) that retrieves verifiable information from an external knowledge corpus to complement the parametric knowledge in LMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Zhuohang Li , Jiaxin Zhang , Chao Yan , Kamalika Das , Sricharan Kumar , Murat Kantarcioglu , Bradley A. Malin

This paper presents a comprehensive study of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), tracing its evolution from foundational concepts to the current state of the art. RAG combines retrieval mechanisms with generative language models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Shailja Gupta , Rajesh Ranjan , Surya Narayan Singh

This paper describes the E2E data, a new dataset for training end-to-end, data-driven natural language generation systems in the restaurant domain, which is ten times bigger than existing, frequently used datasets in this area. The E2E…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-18 Jekaterina Novikova , Ondřej Dušek , Verena Rieser

This study develops a question-answering system based on Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) using Chinese Wikipedia and Lawbank as retrieval sources. Using TTQA and TMMLU+ as evaluation datasets, the system employs BGE-M3 for dense vector…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Te-Lun Yang , Jyi-Shane Liu , Yuen-Hsien Tseng , Jyh-Shing Roger Jang

This paper presents an experience report on the development of Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems using PDF documents as the primary data source. The RAG architecture combines generative capabilities of Large Language Models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Ayman Asad Khan , Md Toufique Hasan , Kai Kristian Kemell , Jussi Rasku , Pekka Abrahamsson

Large language models that use retrieval augmented generation have the potential to unlock valuable knowledge for researchers, policymakers, and the public by making long and technical climate-related documents more accessible. While this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 David Thulke , Jakob Kemmler , Christian Dugast , Hermann Ney

The integration of external knowledge through Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become foundational in enhancing large language models (LLMs) for knowledge-intensive tasks. However, existing RAG paradigms often overlook the cognitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yu Wang , Shiwan Zhao , Zhihu Wang , Ming Fan , Xicheng Zhang , Yubo Zhang , Zhengfan Wang , Heyuan Huang , Ting Liu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems rely on retrieval models for identifying relevant contexts and answer generation models for utilizing those contexts. However, retrievers exhibit imperfect recall and precision, limiting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Jerry Huang , Siddarth Madala , Risham Sidhu , Cheng Niu , Hao Peng , Julia Hockenmaier , Tong Zhang

We introduce AccurateRAG -- a novel framework for constructing high-performance question-answering applications based on retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). Our framework offers a pipeline for development efficiency with tools for raw…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Linh The Nguyen , Chi Tran , Dung Ngoc Nguyen , Van-Cuong Pham , Hoang Ngo , Dat Quoc Nguyen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has recently gained traction in natural language processing. Numerous studies and real-world applications are leveraging its ability to enhance generative models through external information retrieval.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Hao Yu , Aoran Gan , Kai Zhang , Shiwei Tong , Qi Liu , Zhaofeng Liu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) grounds Large Language Models (LLMs) in external knowledge but often suffers from flat context representations and stateless retrieval, leading to unstable performance. We propose Stateful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Qi Dong , Ziheng Lin , Ning Ding

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems combine document retrieval with a generative model to address complex information seeking tasks like report generation. While the relationship between retrieval quality and generation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Saron Samuel , Alexander Martin , Eugene Yang , Andrew Yates , Dawn Lawrie , Laura Dietz , Benjamin Van Durme

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating retrieved external knowledge into the generation process. Reasoning models improve LLM performance in multi-hop QA tasks, which require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Guo Chen , Junjie Huang , Huaijin Xie , Fei Sun , Tao Jia

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems enhance large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge but are vulnerable to corpus poisoning and contamination attacks, which can compromise output integrity. Existing defenses often apply…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Xiaonan Si , Meilin Zhu , Simeng Qin , Lijia Yu , Lijun Zhang , Shuaitong Liu , Xinfeng Li , Ranjie Duan , Yang Liu , Xiaojun Jia

Adversarial training of end-to-end (E2E) ASR systems using generative adversarial networks (GAN) has recently been explored for low-resource ASR corpora. GANs help to learn the true data representation through a two-player min-max game.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-25 Md Akmal Haidar , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh

Large language models (LLMs) inevitably exhibit hallucinations since the accuracy of generated texts cannot be secured solely by the parametric knowledge they encapsulate. Although retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a practicable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Shi-Qi Yan , Jia-Chen Gu , Yun Zhu , Zhen-Hua Ling

Retrieval-augmented generation has gained significant attention due to its ability to integrate relevant external knowledge, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of the LLMs' responses. Most of the existing methods apply a dynamic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Liang Xiao , Wen Dai , Shuai Chen , Bin Qin , Chongyang Shi , Haopeng Jing , Tianyu Guo

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems have been shown to be effective in addressing many of the drawbacks of relying solely on the parametric memory of large language models. Recent work has demonstrated that RAG systems can be…

This paper summarizes our work on the first track of the ninth Dialog System Technology Challenge (DSTC 9), "Beyond Domain APIs: Task-oriented Conversational Modeling with Unstructured Knowledge Access". The goal of the task is to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-10 David Thulke , Nico Daheim , Christian Dugast , Hermann Ney