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The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) achieves monotonically improving performance with circuit depth $p$, yet the study of the high-depth regime has been obstructed by the exponential in $p$ cost of existing exact…

Quantum state preparation involves preparing a target state from an initial system, a process integral to applications such as quantum machine learning and solving systems of linear equations. Recently, there has been a growing interest in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-08 Shuwen Kan , Miguel Palma , Zefan Du , Samuel A Stein , Chenxu Liu , Juntao Chen , Ang Li , Ying Mao

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a variational quantum algorithm for Near-term Intermediate-Scale Quantum computers (NISQ) providing approximate solutions for combinatorial optimiz\-ation problems. The QAOA utilizes…

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) constitutes one of the often mentioned candidates expected to yield a quantum boost in the era of near-term quantum computing. In practice, quantum optimization will have to compete with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-15 Charles Moussa , Henri Calandra , Vedran Dunjko

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a prominent quantum algorithm designed to find approximate solutions to combinatorial optimization problems, which are challenging for classical computers. In the current era, where…

This paper presents the Maximum Amplification Optimisation Algorithm (MAOA), a novel quantum algorithm designed for combinatorial optimisation in the restricted circuit depth context of near-term quantum computing. The MAOA first produces a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-02 Tavis Bennett , Jingbo B. Wang

Recently, Hadfield et al. proposed the quantum alternating operator ansatz algorithm (QAOA+), an extension of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA), to solve constrained combinatorial optimization problems (CCOPs). Compared…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Xiao-Hui Ni , Yu-Sen Wu , Bin-Bin Cai , Wen-Min Li , Su-Juan Qin , Fei Gao

The experimental realization of increasingly complex quantum states underscores the pressing need for new methods of state learning and verification. In one such framework, quantum state tomography, the aim is to learn the full quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-30 Antonio Anna Mele , Yaroslav Herasymenko

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) applies two Hamiltonians to a quantum system in alternation. The original goal of the algorithm was to drive the system close to the ground state of one of the Hamiltonians. This paper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-31 Seth Lloyd

Despite much recent work, the true promise and limitations of the Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA) are unclear. A critical question regarding QAOA is to what extent its performance scales with the input size of the problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-07 John Golden , Andreas Bärtschi , Stephan Eidenbenz , Daniel O'Malley

Quantum state preparation is an important class of quantum algorithms that is employed as a black-box subroutine in many algorithms, or used by itself to generate arbitrary probability distributions. We present a novel state preparation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-02 Yutaro Iiyama

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithm that offers the potential to handle combinatorial optimization problems. Introducing constraints in such combinatorial optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-15 Santosh Kumar Radha

We propose a novel deterministic method for preparing arbitrary quantum states. When our protocol is compiled into CNOT and arbitrary single-qubit gates, it prepares an $N$-dimensional state in depth $O(\log(N))$ and spacetime allocation (a…

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has been introduced as a heuristic digital quantum computing scheme to find approximate solutions of combinatorial problems with shallow circuits. We present a scheme to parallelize this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-02 Wolfgang Lechner

The Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA) is a promising gate-model meta-heuristic for combinatorial optimization. Applying the algorithm to problems with constraints presents an implementation challenge for near-term quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-25 Zhihui Wang , Nicholas C. Rubin , Jason M. Dominy , Eleanor G. Rieffel

Quantum Approximation Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a highly advocated variational algorithm for solving the combinatorial optimization problem. One critical feature in the quantum circuit of QAOA algorithm is that it consists of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-21 Yuwei Jin , Jason Luo , Lucent Fong , Yanhao Chen , Ari B. Hayes , Chi Zhang , Fei Hua , Eddy Z. Zhang

Variational quantum algorithms such as the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) are particularly attractive candidates for implementation on near-term quantum processors. As hardware realities such as error and qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-05 L. C. G. Govia , C. Poole , M. Saffman , H. K. Krovi

Combinatorial optimization is a promising area for achieving quantum speedup. Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is designed to search for low-energy states of the Ising model, which correspond to near-optimal solutions of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Tatsuhiko Shirai , Nozomu Togawa

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) has been one of the leading candidates for near-term quantum advantage in gate-model quantum computers. From its inception, this algorithm has sparked the desire for comparison between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-08 Colin Campbell , Edward Dahl

This paper studies quantum optimization baselines for the Generalized Traveling Salesman Problem (GTSP), a clustered routing problem that naturally models variant selection and sequencing problems under discrete alternatives. We propose a…