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Chain of calculations which have to be performed to predict any kind of signal in a deep underwater/ice neutrino detector necessarily includes the lepton propagation through thick layers of matter, as neutrino can be observed only by means…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 I. A. Sokalski , E. V. Bugaev , S. I. Klimushin

Atmospheric muons are one of the main backgrounds for current Water- and Ice-Cherenkov neutrino telescopes designed to detect astrophysical neutrinos. The inclusive fluxes of atmospheric muons and neutrinos from hadronic interactions of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-10-15 Stephan Meighen-Berger , Mingyang Li

KM3NeT is a multi-purpose cubic-kilometer neutrino observatory under construction in the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of ORCA and ARCA (for Oscillation and Astroparticle Research with Cosmics in the Abyss, respectively), currently both…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2021-10-27 William Assal , Damien Dornic , Feifei Huang , Emmanuel Le Guirriec , Massimiliano Lincetto , Godefroy Vannoye

CORSIKA 8 is a new framework for air shower simulations implemented in modern C++17, based on past experience with existing codes like CORSIKA 7. The flexible and modular structure of the project allows the development of independent…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-17 Nikolaos Karastathis , Remy Prechelt , Juan Ammerman-Yebra , Maximilian Reininghaus , Tim Huege

With the KM3NeT experiment, which is presently under construction in the Mediterranean Sea, a new neutrino telescope will be installed to study both the neutrino properties as well as the cosmic origin of these particles. To do so, about…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-23 Rasa Muller , Sander von Benda-Beckmann , Ed Doppenberg , Robert Lahmann , Ernst-Jan Buis

For over two decades, CORSIKA 7 and its previous versions have been the leading Monte Carlo code for simulating extensive air showers. However, its monolithic Fortran-based software design and hand-optimized code has created challenges for…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-12-23 Chloé Gaudu

Cosmic rays interact with nuclei in the Earth's atmosphere to produce extensive air showers, which give rise to the atmospheric muon flux. Temperature fluctuations in the atmosphere influence the rate of muons measured in deep underground…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-23 Amanda Alves , Lilly Pyras , Dennis Soldin , Stef Verpoest

Gyrokinetic simulation codes are used to understand the microturbulence in the linear and nonlinear regimes of the tokamak and stellarator core. The codes that use flux coordinates to reduce computational complexities introduced by the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-08-26 Jaya Kumar Alageshan , Joydeep Das , Tajinder Singh , Sarveshwar Sharma , Animesh Kuley

For more than 20 years, the community has heavily relied on CORSIKA for the simulation of extensive air showers, their Cherenkov light emission and their radio signals. While tremendously successful, the Fortran-based monolithic design of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-31 Tim Huege

Cosmic muons are highly energetic and penetrative particles and these figures are used for imaging of large and dense objects such as spent nuclear fuels in casks and special nuclear materials in cargo. Cosmic muon intensity depends on the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-04-28 Junghyun Bae , Stylianos Chatzidakis , Robert Bean

Atmospheric muons are important probes for studying primary cosmic rays and extensive air showers. Additionally, they constitute a significant background for many underground and deep-sea neutrino experiments, such as TRopIcal DEep-sea…

The KM3NeT neutrino detectors are currently under construction at two locations in the Mediterranean Sea, aiming to detect the Cherenkov light generated by high-energy relativistic charged particles in sea water. The KM3NeT collaboration…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-25 Jutta Schnabel , Tamas Gal , Zineb Aly

In this paper a new scalable hydrodynamic code GPUPEGAS (GPU-accelerated PErformance Gas Astrophysic Simulation) for simulation of interacting galaxies is proposed. The code is based on combination of Godunov method as well as on the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-11-06 Kulikov Igor

This paper introduces ChemGen, a software package that uses code generation to integrate multispecies thermodynamics and chemical kinetics into C+-based computational physics codes. ChemGen aims to make chemical kinetics more accessible in…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-12-11 Ryan F. Johnson , Eric J. Ching , Ethan S. Genter , Joshua E. Lipman , Andrew D. Kercher , Jay Arcities , Hai Wang

The physics programme of the MEG II experiment can be extended with the search for new invisible particles produced in rare muon decays. The hunt for such elusive signals requires accurate simulations to characterise the detector response…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2022-12-02 A. Gurgone , A. Papa , P. Schwendimann , A. Signer , Y. Ulrich , A. M. Baldini , F. Cei , M. Chiappini , M. Francesconi , L. Galli , M. Grassi , D. Nicolò , G. Signorelli

The program CORSIKA, usually used to simulate extensive cosmic ray air showers, has been adapted to a water medium in order to study the acoustic detection of ultra high energy neutrinos. Showers in water from incident protons and from…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 T. Sloan

The CORSIKA program, usually used to simulate extensive cosmic ray air showers, has been adapted to work in a water or ice medium. The adapted CORSIKA code was used to simulate hadronic showers produced by neutrino interactions. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 S. Bevan , S. Danaher , J. Perkin , S. Ralph , C. Rhodes , L. Thompson , T. Sloan , D. Waters

The past several decades have seen significant advancement in applications using cosmic-ray muons for tomography scanning of unknown objects. One of the most promising developments is the application of this technique in border security for…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-05 Z. Zaher , H. Lay , T. Dorigo , A. Giammanco , V. Gulik , C. Hrytsiuk , V. A. Kudryavtsev , M. Lagrange , T. Metspalu , G. C. Strong , C. Turkoglu , P. Vischia

We describe a software package, TomOpt, developed to optimise the geometrical layout and specifications of detectors designed for tomography by scattering of cosmic-ray muons. The software exploits differentiable programming for the…

Oceanic processes at fine scales are crucial yet difficult to observe accurately due to limitations in satellite and in-situ measurements. The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission provides high-resolution Sea Surface Height…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-03-28 Eugenio Cutolo , Carlos Granero-Belinchon , Ptashanna Thiraux , Jinbo Wang , Ronan Fablet