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We investigate the resilience of silicon-based spin qubits against non-Markovian noise within the framework of quantum error correction. We consider a realistic non-Markovian noise model that affects both the Larmor frequency and exchange…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Oscar Gravier , Thomas Ayral , Benoît Vermersch , Tristan Meunier , Valentin Savin

In the scale-up of quantum computers, the framework underpinning fault-tolerance generally relies on the strong assumption that environmental noise affecting qubit logic is uncorrelated (Markovian). However, as physical devices progress…

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) has been proposed as an alternative method of quantum error correction to compensate errors in quantum systems without qubit overhead. While Markovian gate errors on digital quantum computers have been mainly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-09 Hideaki Hakoshima , Yuichiro Matsuzaki , Suguru Endo

Topological quantum error correction codes are known to be able to tolerate arbitrary local errors given sufficient qubits. This includes correlated errors involving many local qubits. In this work, we quantify this level of tolerance,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-13 Austin G. Fowler , John M. Martinis

Surface codes are promising for practical quantum error correction due to their high threshold and experimental feasibility. However, their performance under realistic noise conditions, particularly those involving correlated errors,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-19 SiYing Wang , Yue Yan , ZhiXin Xia , Xiang-Bin Wang

A common approach to studying the performance of quantum error correcting codes is to assume independent and identically distributed single-qubit errors. However, the available experimental data shows that realistic errors in modern…

Recently, a lot of effort has been devoted towards designing erasure qubits in which dominant physical noise excites leakage states whose population can be detected and returned to the qubit subspace. Interest in these erasure qubits has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-05 Kathleen Chang , Shraddha Singh , Jahan Claes , Kaavya Sahay , James Teoh , Shruti Puri

Understanding the noise characteristics of quantum processors is crucial when achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing. However, typical qubit designs are often studied under the Markovian approximation, which does not fully capture…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Chun-Tse Li , Jingming Tan , Vasil Gucev , Daniel Lidar

The ubiquitous effects of the environment on quantum-mechanical systems generally cause temporally correlated fluctuations. This particularly holds for systems of interest for quantum computation where such effects lead to correlated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-23 Balázs Gulácsi , Guido Burkard

Logical qubits encoded in quantum error correcting codes can exhibit non-Markovian dynamical evolution, even when the underlying physical noise is Markovian. To understand this emergent non-Markovianity, we define a Markovianity condition…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-23 Jalan A. Ziyad , Robin Blume-Kohout , Kenneth Rudinger

The most common error models for quantum computers assume the independence of errors on different qubits. However, most noise mechanisms have some correlations in space. We show how to improve quantum information processing for few-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-19 Vickram N. Premakumar , Robert Joynt

We investigate continuous quantum error correction, comparing performance under a Markovian error model to two distinct non-Markovian models. The first non-Markovian model involves an interaction Hamiltonian between the system and an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Juan Garcia Nila , Todd A. Brun

It is shown that the noise process in quantum computation can be described by spatially correlated decoherence and dissipation. We demonstrate that the conventional quantum error correcting codes correcting for single-qubit errors are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Lu-Ming Duan , Guang-Can Guo

The development of fault-tolerant quantum processors relies on the ability to control noise. A particularly insidious form of noise is temporally correlated or non-Markovian noise. By combining randomized benchmarking with supervised…

We prove a new version of the quantum accuracy threshold theorem that applies to non-Markovian noise with algebraically decaying spatial correlations. We consider noise in a quantum computer arising from a perturbation that acts…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Dorit Aharonov , Alexei Kitaev , John Preskill

Quantum dynamics simulation on analog quantum simulators and digital quantum computer platforms has emerged as a powerful and promising tool for understanding complex non-equilibrium physics. However, the impact of quantum noise on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-10 Yu-Qin Chen , Shi-Xin Zhang , Shengyu Zhang

Fault-tolerant quantum computation demands extremely low logical error rates, yet superconducting qubit arrays are subject to radiation-induced correlated noise arising from cosmic-ray muon-generated quasiparticles. The quasiparticle…

We develop dynamical non-Markovian description of quantum computing in weak coupling limit, in lowest order approximation. We show that long range memory of quantum reservoir produces strong interrelation between structure of noise and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Robert Alicki , Michal Horodecki , Pawel Horodecki , Ryszard Horodecki

We study the robustness of a fault-tolerant quantum computer subject to Gaussian non-Markovian quantum noise, and we show that scalable quantum computation is possible if the noise power spectrum satisfies an appropriate "threshold…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-17 Hui Khoon Ng , John Preskill

We study how well topological quantum codes can tolerate coherent noise caused by systematic unitary errors such as unwanted $Z$-rotations. Our main result is an efficient algorithm for simulating quantum error correction protocols based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-01 Sergey Bravyi , Matthias Englbrecht , Robert Koenig , Nolan Peard
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