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Novel research ideas play a critical role in advancing scientific inquiries. Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their potential to generate novel research ideas by leveraging large-scale scientific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Keyu Zhao , Weiquan Lin , Qirui Zheng , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

Scientific idea generation is central to discovery, requiring the joint satisfaction of novelty and scientific soundness. Unlike standard reasoning or general creative generation, scientific ideation is inherently open-ended and…

Scientific paper retrieval is essential for supporting literature discovery and research. While dense retrieval methods demonstrate effectiveness in general-purpose tasks, they often fail to capture fine-grained scientific concepts that are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Yunyi Zhang , Ruozhen Yang , Siqi Jiao , SeongKu Kang , Jiawei Han

Scientific progress depends on the continual generation of innovative re-search ideas. However, the rapid growth of scientific literature has greatly increased the cost of knowledge filtering, making it harder for researchers to identify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Shuai Chen , Chengzhi Zhang

Conducting literature reviews for scientific papers is essential for understanding research, its limitations, and building on existing work. It is a tedious task which makes an automatic literature review generator appealing. Unfortunately,…

Scientific literature understanding is crucial for extracting targeted information and garnering insights, thereby significantly advancing scientific discovery. Despite the remarkable success of Large Language Models (LLMs), they face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Sihang Li , Jin Huang , Jiaxi Zhuang , Yaorui Shi , Xiaochen Cai , Mingjun Xu , Xiang Wang , Linfeng Zhang , Guolin Ke , Hengxing Cai

The rapid advancement in capabilities of large language models (LLMs) raises a pivotal question: How can LLMs accelerate scientific discovery? This work tackles the crucial first stage of research, generating novel hypotheses. While recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Aniketh Garikaparthi , Manasi Patwardhan , Lovekesh Vig , Arman Cohan

Scientific literature is growing exponentially, creating a critical bottleneck for researchers to efficiently synthesize knowledge. While general-purpose Large Language Models (LLMs) show potential in text processing, they often fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Fengyu She , Nan Wang , Hongfei Wu , Ziyi Wan , Jingmian Wang , Chang Wang

Scientific innovation is pivotal for humanity, and harnessing large language models (LLMs) to generate research ideas could transform discovery. However, existing LLMs often produce simplistic and repetitive suggestions due to their limited…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Xiang Hu , Hongyu Fu , Jinge Wang , Yifeng Wang , Zhikun Li , Renjun Xu , Yu Lu , Yaochu Jin , Lili Pan , Zhenzhong Lan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed how people interact with artificial intelligence (AI) systems, achieving state-of-the-art results in various tasks, including scientific discovery and hypothesis generation. However, the lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Sikun Guo , Amir Hassan Shariatmadari , Guangzhi Xiong , Albert Huang , Eric Xie , Stefan Bekiranov , Aidong Zhang

Adapting general-domain retrievers to scientific domains is challenging due to the scarcity of large-scale domain-specific relevance annotations and the substantial mismatch in vocabulary and information needs. Recent approaches address…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Jeyun Lee , Junhyoung Lee , Wonbin Kweon , Bowen Jin , Yu Zhang , Susik Yoon , Dongha Lee , Hwanjo Yu , Jiawei Han , Seongku Kang

The pace of scientific research, vital for improving human life, is complex, slow, and needs specialized expertise. Meanwhile, novel, impactful research often stems from both a deep understanding of prior work, and a cross-pollination of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Jinheon Baek , Sujay Kumar Jauhar , Silviu Cucerzan , Sung Ju Hwang

Hypothesis generation is a fundamental step in scientific discovery, yet it is increasingly challenged by information overload and disciplinary fragmentation. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have sparked growing interest in…

In an era of exponential scientific growth, identifying novel research ideas is crucial and challenging in academia. Despite potential, the lack of an appropriate benchmark dataset hinders the research of novelty detection. More…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Yan Liu , Zonglin Yang , Soujanya Poria , Thanh-Son Nguyen , Erik Cambria

Large language models (LLMs) have grown in their usage to provide support for question answering across numerous disciplines. The models on their own have already shown promise for answering basic questions, however fail quickly where…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 David Brett , Anniek Myatt

Scientific writing involves retrieving, summarizing, and citing relevant papers, which can be time-consuming processes in large and rapidly evolving fields. By making these processes inter-operable, natural language processing (NLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Nianlong Gu , Richard H. R. Hahnloser

Scientific idea generation has been extensively studied in creativity theory and computational creativity research, providing valuable frameworks for understanding and implementing creative processes. However, recent work using Large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Tianyang Gu , Jingjin Wang , Zhihao Zhang , HaoHong Li

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) and publicly available ChatGPT have marked a significant turning point in the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into people's everyday lives. This study examines the ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Sandeep Kumar , Tirthankar Ghosal , Vinayak Goyal , Asif Ekbal

As networking systems become increasingly complex, achieving disruptive innovation grows more challenging. At the same time, recent progress in Large Language Models (LLMs) has shown strong potential for scientific hypothesis formation and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Mengrui Zhang , Bang Huang , Yunxin Xu , Haiying Huang , Luxi Zhao , Mochun Long , Qingyu Song , Qiao Xiang , Xue Liu , Jiwu Shu

This paper introduces AnalyticsGPT, an intuitive and efficient large language model (LLM)-powered workflow for scientometric question answering. This underrepresented downstream task addresses the subcategory of meta-scientific questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Khang Ly , Georgios Cheirmpos , Adrian Raudaschl , Christopher James , Seyed Amin Tabatabaei
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