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Radio arrays provide a scalable route to detecting extensive air showers from ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, but trigger studies for candidate layouts are expensive when every energy, arrival direction, core position and trigger…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-29 Xin Xu , Pengfei Zhang , Fufu Yang , Pengxiong Ma , Ramesh Koirala , Chao Zhang

Providing reliable cellular connectivity to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) is a key challenge, as existing terrestrial networks are deployed mainly for ground-level coverage. The cellular network coverage may be available for a limited…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-26 Gautham Reddy , Ismail Guvenc , Mihail L. Sichitiu , Arupjyoti Bhuyan , Bryton Petersen , Jason Abrahamson

Radio imaging is rapidly gaining prominence in the design of future communication systems, with the potential to utilize reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) as imaging apertures. Although the sparsity of targets in three-dimensional…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Yixuan Huang , Jie Yang , Wankai Tang , Chao-Kai Wen , Shi Jin

Since the early 1970s, inversion techniques have become the most useful tool for inferring the magnetic, dynamic, and thermodynamic properties of the solar atmosphere. The intrinsic model dependence makes it necessary to formulate specific…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-07 Jose Carlos del Toro Iniesta , Basilio Ruiz Cobo

We present a new method for performing differential emission measure (DEM) inversions on narrow-band EUV images from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). The method yields positive definite…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-15 Mark C. M. Cheung , P. Boerner , C. J. Schrijver , P. Testa , F. Chen , H. Peter , A. Malanushenko

Higher spatial resolution and larger imaging scene are always the goals pursued by advanced space-borne SAR system.High resolution and wide swath SAR imaging can provide more information about the illuminated scene of interest on one…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-27 Xinhua Mao

A simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS)-aided near-field integrated sensing, communication, and power transfer (ISCPT) framework is proposed. We formulate a robust harvested power…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-18 Zahra Rostamikafaki , Francois Chan , Claude D'Amours

The characterization of extrasolar earth-like atmospheres for biosignatures remains one of the most compelling and elusive challenges in astronomy. Coronagraphy, nulling interferometry and free-flying occulters have been advanced as…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-04-22 James P. Lloyd

Waveform inversion seeks to estimate an inaccessible heterogeneous medium from data gathered by sensors that emit probing signals and measure the generated waves. It is an inverse problem for a second order wave equation or a first order…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-15 Liliana Borcea , Josselin Garnier , Alexander V. Mamonov , Jörn Zimmerling

The detection and characterization of the 21cm signal from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) demands extraordinary precision in radio interferometric observations and analysis. For modern low-frequency arrays, achieving the dynamic range…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-12 Tyler A. Cox , Steven G. Murray , Aaron R. Parsons , Joshua S. Dillon , Kartik Mandar , Zachary E. Martinot , Robert Pascua , Piyanat Kittiwisit , James E. Aguirre

The Cosmic Far-Infrared Background (CFIRB) contains information about the number and distribution of contributing sources and thus gives us an important key to understand the evolution of galaxies. Using a confusion study to set a…

Radiative transfer calculations are essential for modeling planetary atmospheres. However, standard methods are computationally demanding and impose accuracy-speed trade-offs. High computational costs force numerical simplifications in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-03 Isaac Malsky , Tiffany Kataria , Natasha E. Batalha , Matthew Graham

We introduce a novel approach to waveform inversion, based on a data driven reduced order model (ROM) of the wave operator. The presentation is for the acoustic wave equation, but the approach can be extended to elastic or electromagnetic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-29 Liliana Borcea , Josselin Garnier , Alexander V. Mamonov , Jörn Zimmerling

In recent years forecasting activities have become a very important tool for designing and optimising large scale structure surveys. To predict the performance of such surveys, the Fisher matrix formalism is frequently used as a fast and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-12 S. Yahia-Cherif , A. Blanchard , S. Camera , S. Ilić , K. Markovič , A. Pourtsidou , Z. Sakr , D. Sapone , I. Tutusaus

In addition to enhancing wireless communication coverage quality, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technique can also assist in positioning. In this work, we consider RIS-assisted superimposed pilot and data transmission without the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Wenchao Xia , Ben Zhao , Wankai Tang , Yongxu Zhu , Kai-Kit Wong , Sangarapillai Lambotharan , Hyundong Shin

The Epoch of Reionisation (EoR) is the period within which the neutral universe transitioned to an ionised one. This period remains unobserved using low-frequency radio interferometers which target the 21 cm signal of neutral hydrogen…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-01 J. Kariuki Chege , C. H. Jordan , C. Lynch , J. L. B. Line , C. M. Trott

Traditional radio map estimation (RME) techniques fail to capture multi-dimensional and dynamic characteristics of complex spectrum environments. Recent data-driven methods achieve accurate RME in spatial domain, but ignore physical prior…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-27 Dong Yang , Yue Wang , Songyang Zhang , Yingshu Li , Zhipeng Cai , Zhi Tian

Spatial resolution of most imaging devices is fundamentally restricted by diffraction. This limitation is manifested in the loss of high spatial frequency information contained in evanescent waves. As a result, conventional far-field optics…

Optics · Physics 2010-03-16 Leonid Alekseyev , Evgenii Narimanov , Jacob Khurgin

Reliably reconstructing physical fields from sparse sensor data is a challenge that frequently arises in many scientific domains. In practice, the process generating the data often is not understood to sufficient accuracy. Therefore, there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Xihaier Luo , Wei Xu , Yihui Ren , Shinjae Yoo , Balu Nadiga

Producing reliable acoustic subsurface velocity models still remains the main bottleneck of the oil and gas industry's traditional imaging sequence. In complex geological settings, the output of conventional ray-based or wave-equation-based…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-06-07 Guillaume Barnier , Ettore Biondi , Robert G. Clapp , Biondo Biondi