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Tests of general relativity with gravitational wave observations from merging compact binaries continue to confirm Einstein's theory of gravity with increasing precision. However, these tests have so far only been applied to signals that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-29 Ryan Magee , Maximiliano Isi , Ethan Payne , Katerina Chatziioannou , Will M. Farr , Geraint Pratten , Salvatore Vitale

Although general relativity (GR) has been precisely tested at the solar system scale, precise tests at a galactic or cosmological scale are still relatively insufficient. Here, in order to test GR at the galactic scale, we use the newly…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-07 Xiao-Hui Liu , Zhen-Hua Li , Jing-Zhao Qi , Xin Zhang

Testing general relativity in the strong-field and highly dynamical regime is now possible through current gravitational-wave observations, where even a single high-quality detection can place competitive constraints on deviations from…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-18 Simone Mezzasoma , Carl-Johan Haster , Nicolás Yunes

The measurement of the parametrized post-Newtonian parameter $\gamma_{\rm{PPN}}$ is a robust test of general relativity (GR). In some modified theories of gravity, $\gamma_{\rm{PPN}}$ may evolve with the redshift and deviate from one at…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-01 Tonghua Liu , Marek Biesiada , Shuxun Tian , Kai Liao

As gravitational wave (GW) detector networks continue to improve in sensitivity, the demand on the accuracy of waveform models which predict the GW signals from compact binary coalescences is becoming more stringent. At high signal-to-noise…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-23 Ritesh Bachhar , Michael Pürrer , Stephen R. Green

The detection of gravitational waves from compact binary coalescence by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo provides an opportunity to study the strong-field, highly relativistic regime of gravity. Gravitational-wave tests of general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-02 Jack Y. L. Kwok , Rico K. L. Lo , Alan J. Weinstein , Tjonnie G. F. Li

In the coming years, advanced gravitational wave detectors will observe signals from a large number of compact binary coalescences. The majority of these signals will be relatively weak, making the precision measurement of subtle effects,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-03 Aaron Zimmerman , Carl-Johan Haster , Katerina Chatziioannou

The phase evolution of gravitational waves encodes critical information about the orbital dynamics of binary systems. In this work, we test the robustness of parameterized tests against unmodeled deviations from general relativity. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-20 Brian C. Seymour , Jacob Golomb , Yanbei Chen

The upcoming direct detection of gravitational waves will open a window to probing the strong-field regime of general relativity (GR). As a consequence, waveforms that include the presence of deviations from GR have been developed (e.g. in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-17 Salvatore Vitale , Walter Del Pozzo

Strong lensing of gravitational waves can produce several detectable images as repeated events in the upcoming observing runs, which can be detected with the posterior overlap analysis (Bayes factor). The choice of the binary black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-26 Damon H. T. Cheung , Stefano Rinaldi , Martina Toscani , Otto A. Hannuksela

When using incorrect or inaccurate signal models to perform parameter estimation on a gravitational wave signal, biased parameter estimates will in general be obtained. For a single event this bias may be consistent with the posterior, but…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-01 Jonathan R. Gair , Christopher J. Moore

Although general relativity underlies modern cosmology, its applicability on cosmological length scales has yet to be stringently tested. Such a test has recently been proposed, using a quantity, EG, that combines measures of large-scale…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-03-11 Reinabelle Reyes , Rachel Mandelbaum , Uros Seljak , Tobias Baldauf , James E. Gunn , Lucas Lombriser , Robert E. Smith

Strong gravitational lensing is a competitive tool to probe the dark matter and energy content of the Universe. However, significant uncertainties can arise from the choice of lens model, and in particular the parameterisation of the line…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-29 Daniel Johnson , Pierre Fleury , Julien Larena , Lucia Marchetti

Next-generation gravitational wave detectors such as the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer will have increased sensitivity and observing volumes, enabling unprecedented precision in parameter estimation. However, this enhanced…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-16 Veome Kapil , Luca Reali , Roberto Cotesta , Emanuele Berti

Waveform templates are a powerful tool for extracting and characterizing gravitational wave signals, acting as highly restrictive priors on the signal morphologies that allow us to extract weak events buried deep in the instrumental noise.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-03-26 Laura Sampson , Neil Cornish , Nicolas Yunes

We perform tests of General Relativity (GR) with gravitational waves (GWs) from the inspiral stage of compact binaries using a theory-independent framework, which adds generic phase corrections to each multipole of a GR waveform model in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-05 Ajit Kumar Mehta , Alessandra Buonanno , Roberto Cotesta , Abhirup Ghosh , Noah Sennett , Jan Steinhoff

Within a Bayesian statistical framework, we jointly estimate the source and lens parameters and evaluate the relative evidence between the lensed and unlensed models. This work focuses on the wave optics effects induced by a point mass (PM)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-21 Yong Yuan , Minghui Du , Xin-yi Lin , Peng Xu , Xilong Fan

Spectroscopic selection has been the most productive technique for the selection of galaxy-scale strong gravitational lens systems with known redshifts. Statistically significant samples of strong lenses provide a powerful method for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-06-18 Ryan A. Arneson , Joel R. Brownstein , Adam S. Bolton

Strong gravitational lensing of gravitational waves (GWs) occurs when the GWs from a compact binary system travel near a massive object. The mismatch between a lensed signal and unlensed templates determines whether lensing can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-24 Saif Ali , Evangelos Stoikos , Evan Meade , Michael Kesden , Lindsay King

Observations of galaxy-scale strong gravitational lensing (SGL) systems have enabled unique tests of nonlinear departures from general relativity (GR) on the galactic and supergalactic scales. One of the most important cases of such tests…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-14 Yujie Lian , Shuo Cao , Tonghua Liu , Marek Biesiada , Zong-Hong Zhu