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Social media, professional sports, and video games are driving rapid growth in live video streaming, on platforms such as Twitch and YouTube Live. Live streaming experience is very susceptible to short-time-scale network congestion since…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Sharat Chandra Madanapalli , Alex Mathai , Hassan Habibi Gharakheili , Vijay Sivaraman

Finding efficient routes for data packets is an essential task in computer networking. The optimal routes depend greatly on the current network topology, state and traffic demand, and they can change within milliseconds. Reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Andreas Boltres , Niklas Freymuth , Patrick Jahnke , Holger Karl , Gerhard Neumann

Networks in the current 5G and beyond systems increasingly carry heterogeneous traffic with diverse quality-of-service constraints, making real-time routing decisions both complex and time-critical. A common approach, such as a heuristic…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Sebastian Racedo , Brigitte Jaumard , Oscar Delgado , Meysam Masoudi

We propose ReinFlow, a simple yet effective online reinforcement learning (RL) framework that fine-tunes a family of flow matching policies for continuous robotic control. Derived from rigorous RL theory, ReinFlow injects learnable noise…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Tonghe Zhang , Chao Yu , Sichang Su , Yu Wang

We propose Flow-Anchored Noise-conditioned Q-Learning (FAN), a highly efficient and high-performing offline reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm. Recent work has shown that expressive flow policies and distributional critics improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Sungyoung Lee , Dohyeong Kim , Eshan Balachandar , Zelal Su Mustafaoglu , Keshav Pingali

The emergence of video applications and video capable devices have contributed substantially to the increase of video traffic on Internet. New mechanisms recommending video rate adaptation towards delivering enhanced Quality of Experience…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Safeen Qadir , Alexander A. Kist , Zhongwei Zhang

Recent research efforts have shown that the popular BitTorrent protocol does not provide fair resource reciprocation and may allow free-riding. In this paper, we propose a BitTorrent-like protocol that replaces the peer selection mechanisms…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2010-07-27 Rafit Izhak-Ratzin , Hyunggon Park , Mihaela van der Schaar

Maximizing quality of experience (QoE) for interactive video streaming has been a long-standing challenge, as its delay-sensitive nature makes it more vulnerable to bandwidth fluctuations. While reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Xuedou Xiao , Mingxuan Yan , Yingying Zuo , Boxi Liu , Paul Ruan , Yang Cao , Wei Wang

Understanding continuous video streams plays a fundamental role in real-time applications including embodied AI and autonomous driving. Unlike offline video understanding, streaming video understanding requires the ability to process video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Yibin Yan , Jilan Xu , Shangzhe Di , Yikun Liu , Yudi Shi , Qirui Chen , Zeqian Li , Yifei Huang , Weidi Xie

The behaviour of multi-agent learning in competitive settings is often considered under the restrictive assumption of a zero-sum game. Only under this strict requirement is the behaviour of learning well understood; beyond this, learning…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Aamal Hussain , Francesco Belardinelli , Georgios Piliouras

We present \textbf{FlowRL}, a novel framework for online reinforcement learning that integrates flow-based policy representation with Wasserstein-2-regularized optimization. We argue that in addition to training signals, enhancing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Lei Lv , Yunfei Li , Yu Luo , Fuchun Sun , Tao Kong , Jiafeng Xu , Xiao Ma

The diversity of video delivery pipeline poses a grand challenge to the evaluation of adaptive bitrate (ABR) streaming algorithms and objective quality-of-experience (QoE) models. Here we introduce so-far the largest subject-rated database…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-21 Zhengfang Duanmu , Wentao Liu , Zhuoran Li , Diqi Chen , Zhou Wang , Yizhou Wang , Wen Gao

Offline-to-online reinforcement learning (RL), by combining the benefits of offline pretraining and online finetuning, promises enhanced sample efficiency and policy performance. However, existing methods, effective as they are, suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Jianxiong Li , Xiao Hu , Haoran Xu , Jingjing Liu , Xianyuan Zhan , Ya-Qin Zhang

In the past few years, DRL has become a valuable solution to automatically learn efficient resource management strategies in complex networks with time-varying statistics. However, the increased complexity of 5G and Beyond networks requires…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Seyyidahmed Lahmer , Federico Mason , Federico Chiariotti , Andrea Zanella

The policy represented by the deep neural network can overfit the spurious features in observations, which hamper a reinforcement learning agent from learning effective policy. This issue becomes severe in high-dimensional state, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Md Masudur Rahman , Yexiang Xue

Generative models have recently demonstrated remarkable success across diverse domains, motivating their adoption as expressive policies in reinforcement learning (RL). While they have shown strong performance in offline RL, particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yongjae Shin , Jongseong Chae , Jongeui Park , Youngchul Sung

Experience replay enables reinforcement learning agents to memorize and reuse past experiences, just as humans replay memories for the situation at hand. Contemporary off-policy algorithms either replay past experiences uniformly or utilize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Daochen Zha , Kwei-Herng Lai , Kaixiong Zhou , Xia Hu

Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) has demonstrated to be an emerging and promising multimedia streaming technique, owing to its capability of dealing with the variability of networks. Rate adaptation mechanism, a challenging and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Hui Yuan , Huayong Fu , Ju Liu , Junhui Hou , Sam Kwong

HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) techniques are now the dominant solution for video delivery in mobile networks. Over the past few years, several HAS algorithms have been introduced in order to improve user quality-of-experience (QoE) by…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2017-05-05 Theodoros Karagkioules , Dimitrios Tsilimantos , Cyril Concolato , Stefan Valentin

We present a proximal policy optimization (PPO) agent trained through curriculum learning (CL) principles and meticulous reward engineering to optimize a real-world high-throughput waste sorting facility. Our work addresses the challenge of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Abhijeet Pendyala , Asma Atamna , Tobias Glasmachers