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Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit social biases, which can lead to harmful stereotypes and unfair outcomes. We propose \textbf{Multi-Persona Thinking (MPT)}, a simple inference-time framework that reduces social bias by encouraging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yuxing Chen , Guoqing Luo , Zijun Wu , Lili Mou

People are rated and ranked, towards algorithmic decision making in an increasing number of applications, typically based on machine learning. Research on how to incorporate fairness into such tasks has prevalently pursued the paradigm of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-07 Preethi Lahoti , Krishna P. Gummadi , Gerhard Weikum

Reward models (RMs) play a crucial role in Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback by serving as proxies for human preferences in aligning large language models. However, they suffer from various biases which could lead to reward…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Xiao Zhu , Chenmien Tan , Pinzhen Chen , Rico Sennrich , Huiming Wang , Yanlin Zhang , Hanxu Hu

Existing fairness benchmarks for large language models (LLMs) primarily focus on simple tasks, such as multiple-choice questions, overlooking biases that may arise in more complex scenarios like long-text generation. To address this gap, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Wonje Jeung , Dongjae Jeon , Ashkan Yousefpour , Jonghyun Choi

It is well known that many machine learning systems demonstrate bias towards specific groups of individuals. This problem has been studied extensively in the Facial Recognition area, but much less so in Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR).…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-22 Chunxi Liu , Michael Picheny , Leda Sarı , Pooja Chitkara , Alex Xiao , Xiaohui Zhang , Mark Chou , Andres Alvarado , Caner Hazirbas , Yatharth Saraf

Advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly improved medical task performance, such as Visual Question Answering (VQA) and Report Generation (RG). However, the fairness of these models across diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Peiran Wu , Che Liu , Canyu Chen , Jun Li , Cosmin I. Bercea , Rossella Arcucci

With the rapid adoption of LLM-based chatbots, there is a pressing need to evaluate what humans and LLMs can achieve together. However, standard benchmarks, such as MMLU, measure LLM capabilities in isolation (i.e., "AI-alone"). Here, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Serina Chang , Ashton Anderson , Jake M. Hofman

The emergence of pretrained large language models has led to the deployment of a range of social chatbots for chitchat. Although these chatbots demonstrate language ability and fluency, they are not guaranteed to be engaging and can…

Recent works have shown considerable improvements in task-oriented dialogue (TOD) systems by utilizing pretrained large language models (LLMs) in an end-to-end manner. However, the biased behavior of each component in a TOD system and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Hsuan Su , Rebecca Qian , Chinnadhurai Sankar , Shahin Shayandeh , Shang-Tse Chen , Hung-yi Lee , Daniel M. Bikel

Pre-trained large language models (LLMs) have been reliably integrated with visual input for multimodal tasks. The widespread adoption of instruction-tuned image-to-text vision-language assistants (VLAs) like LLaVA and InternVL necessitates…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Leander Girrbach , Stephan Alaniz , Yiran Huang , Trevor Darrell , Zeynep Akata

Machine learning models are increasingly being used in important decision-making software such as approving bank loans, recommending criminal sentencing, hiring employees, and so on. It is important to ensure the fairness of these models so…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Sumon Biswas , Hridesh Rajan

With growing awareness of societal impact of artificial intelligence, fairness has become an important aspect of machine learning algorithms. The issue is that human biases towards certain groups of population, defined by sensitive features…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Andrija Petrović , Mladen Nikolić , Sandro Radovanović , Boris Delibašić , Miloš Jovanović

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced the development of various AI conversational agents, including role-playing conversational agents that mimic diverse characters and human behaviors. While prior research has predominantly focused…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Hongzhan Chen , Hehong Chen , Ming Yan , Wenshen Xu , Xing Gao , Weizhou Shen , Xiaojun Quan , Chenliang Li , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou

In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities across numerous applications. However, the performance of these models in languages with fewer resources, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Birger Moell

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents capable of actions with real-world impacts beyond text generation. While persona-induced biases in text generation are well documented, their effects on agent task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Linbo Cao , Lihao Sun , Yang Yue

Conventional large language model (LLM) fairness alignment largely focuses on mitigating bias along single sensitive attributes, overlooking fairness as an inherently multidimensional and context-specific value. This approach risks creating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Eva Paraschou , Line Harder Clemmensen , Sneha Das

Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained primarily on minimally processed web text, which exhibits the same wide range of social biases held by the humans who created that content. Consequently, text generated by LLMs can inadvertently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Harnoor Dhingra , Preetiha Jayashanker , Sayali Moghe , Emma Strubell

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across various domains. However, despite their promising performance in numerous real-world applications, most of these algorithms lack fairness considerations. Consequently,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Zhibo Chu , Zichong Wang , Wenbin Zhang

Evaluating and understanding the inappropriateness of chatbot behaviors can be challenging, particularly for chatbot designers without technical backgrounds. To democratize the debugging process of chatbot misbehaviors for non-technical…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Xu Han , Michelle Zhou , Yichen Wang , Wenxi Chen , Tom Yeh

Access to mental health support remains limited, particularly in marginalized communities where structural and cultural barriers hinder timely care. This paper explores the potential of AI-enabled chatbots as a scalable solution, focusing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Rawan AlMakinah , Andrea Norcini-Pala , Lindsey Disney , M. Abdullah Canbaz