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The cost of head pose labeling is the main challenge of improving the fine-grained Head Pose Estimation (HPE). Although Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) can be a solution to the lack of huge amounts of labeled data, its efficacy for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Mahdi Pourmirzaei , Farzaneh Esmaili , Ebrahim Mousavi , Sasan Karamizadeh , Seyedehsamaneh Shojaeilangari

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) on specific datasets is a common practice to improve performance on target tasks. However, this performance gain often leads to overfitting, where the model becomes too specialized in either the task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Sonam Gupta , Yatin Nandwani , Asaf Yehudai , Mayank Mishra , Gaurav Pandey , Dinesh Raghu , Sachindra Joshi

In offline reinforcement learning (RL), we learn policies from fixed datasets without environment interaction. The major challenges are to provide guarantees on the (1) performance and (2) safety of the resulting policy. A technique called…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Maris F. L. Galesloot , Thomas Rhemrev , Nils Jansen

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) has shown great promise in learning representations from unlabeled data. The power of learning representations without the need for human annotations has made SSL a widely used technique in real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Aryan Satpathy , Nilaksh Singh , Dhruva Rajwade , Somesh Kumar

A key factor in effective Self-Supervised learning (SSL) is preventing dimensional collapse, where higher-dimensional representation spaces ($R$) span a lower-dimensional subspace. Therefore, SSL optimization strategies involve guiding a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Kiran Kokilepersaud , Mohit Prabhushankar , Ghassan AlRegib

RUL estimation suffers from a server data imbalance where data from machines near their end of life is rare. Additionally, the data produced by a machine can only be labeled after the machine failed. Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Tilman Krokotsch , Mirko Knaak , Clemens Gühmann

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a key technique for training networks that can generalize well to diverse tasks without task-specific supervision. This property makes SSL desirable for computational pathology, the study of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Eric Zimmermann , Neil Tenenholtz , James Hall , George Shaikovski , Michal Zelechowski , Adam Casson , Fausto Milletari , Julian Viret , Eugene Vorontsov , Siqi Liu , Kristen Severson

Self-supervised representation learning (SSL) methods provide an effective label-free initial condition for fine-tuning downstream tasks. However, in numerous realistic scenarios, the downstream task might be biased with respect to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Andrius Ovsianas , Jason Ramapuram , Dan Busbridge , Eeshan Gunesh Dhekane , Russ Webb

Reinforcement learning (RL) with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has demonstrated the great potential of enhancing the reasoning abilities in multimodal large language models (MLLMs). However, the reliance on language-centric priors and expensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Jiahao Xie , Alessio Tonioni , Nathalie Rauschmayr , Federico Tombari , Bernt Schiele

The development of semi-supervised learning (SSL) has in recent years largely focused on the development of new consistency regularization or entropy minimization approaches, often resulting in models with complex training strategies to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Durgesh Singh , Ahcene Boubekki , Robert Jenssen , Michael C. Kampffmeyer

While state-of-the-art contrastive Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) models produce results competitive with their supervised counterparts, they lack the ability to infer latent variables. In contrast, prescribed latent variable (LV) models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Jason Ramapuram , Dan Busbridge , Xavier Suau , Russ Webb

Self-supervised representation learning (SSL) has attained SOTA results on several downstream speech tasks, but SSL-based speech enhancement (SE) solutions still lag behind. To address this issue, we exploit three main ideas: (i)…

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a key post-pretraining step for aligning large language models (LLMs) with complex tasks and human preferences. While it is often assumed that RL fine-tuning requires updating most of a model's parameters, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Andrii Balashov

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) provides a powerful framework for leveraging unlabeled data when labels are limited or expensive to obtain. SSL algorithms based on deep neural networks have recently proven successful on standard benchmark…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Avital Oliver , Augustus Odena , Colin Raffel , Ekin D. Cubuk , Ian J. Goodfellow

This thesis focuses on improving the pre-training of natural language models using unsupervised raw data to make them more efficient and aligned with downstream applications. In the first part, we introduce three alternative pre-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Luca Di Liello

In Self-Supervised Learning (SSL), pre-training and evaluation are resource intensive. In the speech domain, current indicators of the quality of SSL models during pre-training, such as the loss, do not correlate well with downstream…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Ryan Whetten , Lucas Maison , Titouan Parcollet , Marco Dinarelli , Yannick Estève

Self-supervised learning (SSL) based models have been shown to generate powerful representations that can be used to improve the performance of downstream speech tasks. Several state-of-the-art SSL models are available, and each of these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-21 A Arunkumar , Vrunda N Sukhadia , S. Umesh

Self-training (ST) and self-supervised learning (SSL) methods have demonstrated strong improvements in automatic speech recognition (ASR). In spite of these advances, to the best of our knowledge, there is no analysis of how the composition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Dan Berrebbi , Ronan Collobert , Navdeep Jaitly , Tatiana Likhomanenko

Advances in deep learning are re-defining how visual data is processed and understand by the machines. Vision Transformers (ViTs) have recently demonstrated prominent performance in computer vision related tasks. However, their performance…

The high costs and risks involved in extensive environment interactions hinder the practical application of current online safe reinforcement learning (RL) methods. While offline safe RL addresses this by learning policies from static…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Keru Chen , Honghao Wei , Zhigang Deng , Sen Lin