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Related papers: Cutoff in total variation for the shelf shuffle

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We study how many riffle shuffles are required to mix n cards if only certain features of the deck are of interest, e.g. suits disregarded or only the colors of interest. For these features, the number of shuffles drops from 3/2 log_2(n) to…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-05 Sami Assaf , Persi Diaconis , K. Soundararajan

We study deformations of the Plancherel measure of the symmetric group by lifting them to the symmetric group and using combinatorics of card shuffling. The existing methods for analyzing deformations of Plancherel measure are not obviously…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jason Fulman

How many shuffles are needed to mix up a deck of cards? This question may be answered in the language of a random walk on the symmetric group, $S_{52}$. This generalises neatly to the study of random walks on finite groups, themselves a…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-04-22 J. P. McCarthy

We consider a card guessing game with complete feedback. An ordered deck of $n$ cards labeled $1$ up to $n$ is riffle-shuffled exactly one time. Given a value $p\in(0{,}1)\setminus\{\frac12\}$, the riffle shuffle is assumed to be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Markus Kuba

The mathematics of shuffling a deck of $2n$ cards with two "perfect shuffles" was brought into clarity by Diaconis, Graham and Kantor. Here we consider a generalisation of this problem, with a so-called "many handed dealer" shuffling $kn$…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-08-15 Carmen Amarra , Luke Morgan , Cheryl E. Praeger

We propose a model of card shuffling where a pack of cards, spread as points on a square table, are repeatedly gathered locally at random spots and then spread towards a random direction. A shuffling of the cards is then obtained by…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-06-14 Persi Diaconis , Soumik Pal

We consider a card guessing game with complete feedback. An ordered deck of $n$ cards labeled $1$ up to $n$ is shelf-shuffled exactly one time. One after the other a single card is drawn from the shuffled deck. The guesser makes has guess…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Markus Kuba

This paper considers the effect of riffle shuffling on decks of cards, allowing for some cards to be indistinguishable from other cards. The dual problem of dealing a game with hands, such as bridge or poker, is also considered. The…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-02-10 Mark Conger , Jason Howald

We consider a family of card shuffles of $n$ cards in which the allowed moves involve transpositions corresponding to the Jucys--Murphy elements of the symmetric group $\{S_m\}_{m \leq n}$. We determine the eigenvalues of the corresponding…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Samira Arfaee , Evita Nestoridi

This paper is about the following question: How many riffle shuffles mix a deck of card for games such as blackjack and bridge? An object that comes up in answering this question is the descent polynomial associated with pairs of decks,…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mark Conger , D. Viswanath

Establishing cutoff, an abrupt transition from "not mixed" to "well mixed", is a classical topic in the theory of mixing times for Markov chains. Interest has grown recently in determining not only the existence of cutoff and the order of…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-12-11 Evita Nestoridi , Sam Olesker-Taylor

Consider a randomly shuffled deck of $2n$ cards with $n$ red cards and $n$ black cards. We study the average number of moves it takes to go from a randomly shuffled deck to a deck that alternates in color by performing the following move:…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-10-09 Joel Brewster Lewis , Mehr Rai

When shuffling a deck of cards, one probably wants to make sure it is thoroughly shuffled. A way to do this is by sifting through the cards to ensure that no adjacent cards are the same number, because surely this is a poorly shuffled deck.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-19 James Enouen

E. Thorp introduced the following card shuffling model. Suppose the number of cards $n$ is even. Cut the deck into two equal piles. Drop the first card from the left pile or from the right pile according to the outcome of a fair coin flip.…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-12-16 Ben Morris

The thesis consider the mixing of few (3-4) card shuffling as well as of large (52 card) deck. The thesis is showing the limit on the shuffling to homogeneity elaborated in short program; the thesis is in italian.

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-07-28 Benjamin Isac Fargion

We present an overview of the representation theoretic techniques used to study the mixing times of random walks on finite groups. We focus on the card shuffle studied by Diaconis and Shahshahani in the 1980s and a recent improvement on…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-10 Ahmed Farah

We consider a problem of shuffling a deck of cards with ordered labels. Namely we split the deck of N=k^tq cards (where t>=1 is maximal) into k equally sized stacks and then take the top card off of each stack and sort them by the order of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-03-24 Steve Butler , Ron Graham

The card-cyclic-to-random shuffle is the card shuffle where the $n$ cards are labeled $1,\ldots,n$ according to their starting positions. Then the cards are mixed by first picking card $1$ from the deck and reinserting it at a uniformly…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-09-29 Johan Jonasson

Consider shuffling a deck of $n$ cards, labeled $1$ through $n$, as follows: at each time step, pick one card uniformly with your right hand and another card, independently and uniformly with your left hand; then swap the cards. How long…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-11-01 Vishesh Jain , Mehtaab Sawhney

This paper studies the game of guessing riffle-shuffled cards with complete feedback. A deck of $n$ cards labelled 1 to $n$ is riffle-shuffled once and placed on a table. A player tries to guess the cards from top and is given complete…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Pengda Liu