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Zero-sum games arise in a wide variety of problems, including robust optimization and adversarial learning. However, algorithms deployed for finding a local Nash equilibrium in these games often converge to non-Nash stationary points. This…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Kushagra Gupta , Xinjie Liu , Ross Allen , Ufuk Topcu , David Fridovich-Keil

This paper addresses the problem of fair equilibrium selection in graphical games. Our approach is based on the data structure called the {\em best response policy}, which was proposed by Kearns et al. \cite{kls} as a way to represent all…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Edith Elkind , Leslie Ann Goldberg , Paul W. Goldberg

Square jigsaw puzzles are typically solved by visually matching piece images to recover the original layout. This work introduces PuzLM, an alternative perspective that recasts jigsaw reassembly as a discrete sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Gur Elkin , Ofir Itzhak Shahar , Ohad Ben-Shahar

Algorithm design and analysis is a cornerstone of computer science, but it confronts a major challenge. Proving an algorithm's performance guarantee across all inputs has traditionally required extensive and often error-prone human effort.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Hanyu Li , Dongchen Li , Xiaotie Deng

We consider apictorial edge-matching puzzles, in which the goal is to arrange a collection of puzzle pieces with colored edges so that the colors match along the edges of adjacent pieces. We devise an algebraic representation for this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-07-30 Shahar Z. Kovalsky , Daniel Glasner , Ronen Basri

Pairwise compatibility calculation is at the core of most fragments-reconstruction algorithms, in particular those designed to solve different types of the jigsaw puzzle problem. However, most existing approaches fail, or aren't designed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Ofir Itzhak Shahar , Gur Elkin , Ohad Ben-Shahar

Learning visual features from unlabeled image data is an important yet challenging task, which is often achieved by training a model on some annotation-free information. We consider spatial contexts, for which we solve so-called jigsaw…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Chen Wei , Lingxi Xie , Xutong Ren , Yingda Xia , Chi Su , Jiaying Liu , Qi Tian , Alan L. Yuille

We present a framework for computing approximate mixed-strategy Nash equilibria of continuous-action games. It is a modification of the traditional double oracle algorithm, extended to multiple players and continuous action spaces. Unlike…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Carlos Martin , Tuomas Sandholm

We develop a general game-theoretic framework for reasoning about strategic agents performing possibly costly computation. In this framework, many traditional game-theoretic results (such as the existence of a Nash equilibrium) no longer…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2008-09-02 Joseph Y. Halpern , Rafael Pass

We investigate the complexity of bounding the uncertainty of graphical games, and we provide new insight into the intrinsic difficulty of computing Nash equilibria. In particular, we show that, if one adds very simple and natural additional…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-07-09 Gianluigi Greco , Francesco Scarcello

Dynamic games are powerful tools to model multi-agent decision-making, yet computing Nash (generalized Nash) equilibria remains a central challenge in such settings. Complexity arises from tightly coupled optimality conditions, nested…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Mahdis Rabbani , Navid Mojahed , Shima Nazari

We consider a class of Wasserstein distributionally robust Nash equilibrium problems, where agents construct heterogeneous data-driven Wasserstein ambiguity sets using private samples and radii, in line with their individual risk-averse…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-18 Georgios Pantazis , Reza Rahimi Baghbadorani , Sergio Grammatico

In Keynesian Beauty Contests notably modeled by p-guessing games, players try to guess the average of guesses multiplied by p. Convergence of plays to Nash equilibrium has often been justified by agents' learning. However, interrogations…

General Economics · Economics 2021-03-29 Aymeric Vie

In this paper we present a novel generic mapping between Graphical Games and Markov Random Fields so that pure Nash equilibria in the former can be found by statistical inference on the latter. Thus, the problem of deciding whether a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Constantinos Daskalakis

Nash equilibria are crucial for understanding game behavior and systems in economics, physics, biology, and computer science. A significant application arises from the connection between Nash equilibria and optimization problems . However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-14 Giovanni Ferrannini , Dario di Gregorio , Federico Fissore

Signaling game problems investigate communication scenarios where encoder(s) and decoder(s) have misaligned objectives due to the fact that they either employ different cost functions or have inconsistent priors. This problem has been…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Ertan Kazıklı , Sinan Gezici , Serdar Yüksel

Nash equilibria provide a principled framework for modeling interactions in multi-agent decision-making and control. However, many equilibrium-seeking methods implicitly assume that each agent has access to the other agents' objectives and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Mahdis Rabbani , Navid Mojahed , Shima Nazari

Many models from a variety of areas involve the computation of an equilibrium or fixed point of some kind. Examples include Nash equilibria in games; market equilibria; computing optimal strategies and the values of competitive games…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-02-21 Mihalis Yannakakis

Nash equilibrium is a key concept in game theory fundamental for elucidating the equilibrium state of strategic interactions, finding applications in diverse fields such as economics, political science, and biology. However, the Nash…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Elie Eshoa , Ali R. Zomorrodi

We address the generalized Nash equilibrium seeking problem in a partial-decision information scenario, where each agent can only exchange information with some neighbors, although its cost function possibly depends on the strategies of all…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-14 Mattia Bianchi , Giuseppe Belgioioso , Sergio Grammatico