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Chemical reactions involve the movement of charges, and this work presents a mathematical model for describing chemical reactions in electrolytes. The model is developed using an energy variational method that aligns with classical…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-11-02 Shixin Xu , Robert Eisenberg , Zilong Song , Huaxiong Huang

Laser-structuring techniques like Direct Laser Interference Patterning show great potential for optimizing electrodes for water electrolysis. Therefore, a systematic experimental study based on statistical design of experiments is performed…

Few-layered potassium nickel and cobalt oxides show drastic differences in catalytic activity based on metal ion preorganization. Uniform compositions $[(\mathrm{CoO}_2/\mathrm{K})_6$ or $(\mathrm{NiO}_2/\mathrm{K})_6]$ show limited…

Furthering the understanding of the catalytic mechanisms in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is critical to advancing and enabling fuel cell technology. In this work, we use multimodal operando synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) and…

While hydroxyl radicals ($\cdot$OH) play an important role as potent oxidizing agents in various plasma applications, their high reactivity confines them to a thin layer at the plasma-liquid interface, posing challenges in comprehending the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-11-18 Seungjun Lee , Hyung-Gu Kang , Minkwan Kim , Gunsu Yun

Electron transfer (ET) at electrochemical interfaces is central to energy conversion and storage, yet its theoretical and computational modeling remain active research areas. This review elucidates key concepts and theories of ET kinetics,…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Mengke Zhang , Yanxia Chen , Marko M. Melander , Jun Huang

Interfaces are ubiquitous in Li-ion battery electrodes, occurring across compositional gradients, regions of multiphase intergrowths, and between electrodes and solid electrolyte interphases or protective coatings. However, the impact of…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-04-05 Shenzhen Xu , Ryan Jacobs , Chris Wolverton , Thomas Kuech , Dane Morgan

Based on the energy level structure of neutral oxygen atom O and its anions, through in-depth analysis of the bonding process and formation mechanism of anion O$^{x-}$ ($1<x\leq{2}$) in oxide superconductors dominated by ionic bonds, we…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-09-09 Jun-jie Shi , Yao-hui Zhu

Developing single atom catalysts (SACs) for chemical reactions of vital importance in renewable energy sector has emerged as a need of the hour. In this perspective, transition metal based SACs with monolayer phosphorous (phosphorene) as…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-03-13 Akhil S. Nair , Rajeev Ahuja , Biswarup Pathak

The rapid charging and/or discharging of electrochemical cells can lead to localized depletion of electrolyte concentration. This depletion can significantly impact the system's time dependent resistance. For systems with porous electrodes,…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-12-27 James W. Palko , Ali Hemmatifar , Juan G. Santiago

Experimentally determined thermodynamic parameters are rarely reported for electrocatalytic reactions including the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Yet, they contain unique and valuable mechanistic insight and present a missing link to…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-12-01 Joaquín Morales-Santelices , Marcel Risch

Liquid electrolytes adsorbed at the surface of metallic electrodes display a multitude of structures that can largely differ from the parent bulk system, both in terms of composition and local organization. In particular, the existence of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-07-28 Federica Angiolari , Alessandro Coretti , Mathieu Salanne , Sara Bonella

In present work it is suggested the concept of continual multi-electrode system being realized on the elongated electrically conducting element immersed into electrolyte. Conjugation of such kind of system with the point-contact structure…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 A. P. Pospelov , G. V. Kamarchuk

We develop herein plasmonic-catalytic Au-IrO$_2$ nanostructures with a morphology optimized for efficient light harvesting and catalytic surface area; the nanoparticles have a dendritic morphology, with closely spaced Au branches all…

Boron-doped graphene was reported to be the best non-metal doped graphene electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) working at an onset potential of 0.035 V [JACS 136 (2014) 4394]. In the present DFT study, intermediates and…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-07-28 Gianluca Fazio , Lara Ferrighi , Cristiana Di Valentin

Electrochemical energy systems rely on particulate porous electrodes to store or convert energies. While the three-dimensional porous structures were introduced to maximize the interfacial area for better overall performance of the system,…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-02-16 Shubham Agrawal , Peng Bai

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) plays a pivotal role in clean energy generation and sustainable chemical production, particularly in the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H\textsubscript{2}O\textsubscript{2}). In this study,…

The efficiency of water electrolysis in a photoelectrochemical cell is largely limited by the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at its semiconductor photoanode. Reaction rate constants are key to investigating the slow kinetics of the…

At photoelectrosynthetic interfaces, an electrochemical reaction is driven by excited charge-carriers from a semiconducting photoabsorber. Structure and composition of this interface determine both the electronic and electrochemical…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-05-30 Matthias M. May , Wolfram Jaegermann

Surfaces are able to control physical-chemical processes in multi-component solution systems and, as such, find application in a wide range of technological devices. Understanding the structure, dynamics and thermodynamics of non-ideal…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-09-29 Aaron R. Finney , Matteo Salvalaglio