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Recent empirical evidence has shown that in many real-world systems, successfully represented as networks, interactions are not limited to dyads, but often involve three or more agents at a time. These data are better described by…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-04-01 Federico Musciotto , Federico Battiston , Rosario N. Mantegna

Many networks describing complex systems are directed: the interactions between elements are not symmetric. Recent work has shown that these networks can display properties such as trophic coherence or non-normality, which in turn affect…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-08-21 Samuel Johnson

Hypergraphs, which use hyperedges to capture groupwise interactions among different entities, have gained increasing attention recently for their versatility in effectively modeling real-world networks. In this paper, we study the problem…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Haozhe Yin , Kai Wang , Wenjie Zhang , Ying Zhang , Ruijia Wu , Xuemin Lin

Extending community detection from pairwise networks to hypergraphs introduces fundamental theoretical challenges. Hypergraphs exhibit structural heterogeneity with no direct graph analogue: hyperedges of varying orders can connect nodes…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Jiaze Li , Michael T. Schaub , Leto Peel

Higher-order interactions play a key role for the stability and function of a complex system. However, how to identify them is still an open problem. Here, we propose a method to fully reconstruct the structural connectivity of a system of…

Many real-world complex systems are characterized by interactions in groups that change in time. Current temporal network approaches, however, are unable to describe group dynamics, as they are based on pairwise interactions only. Here, we…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-03-17 Luca Gallo , Lucas Lacasa , Vito Latora , Federico Battiston

Hypergraphs, which belong to the family of higher-order networks, are a natural and powerful choice for modeling group interactions in the real world. For example, when modeling collaboration networks, which may involve not just two but…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Geon Lee , Fanchen Bu , Tina Eliassi-Rad , Kijung Shin

Interactions involving multiple objects simultaneously are ubiquitous across many domains. The systems these interactions inhabit can be modelled using hypergraphs, a generalization of traditional graphs in which each edge can connect any…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Cazamere Comrie , Jon Kleinberg

Controlling real-world networked systems, including ecological, biomedical, and engineered networks that exhibit higher-order interactions, remains challenging due to inherent nonlinearities and large system scales. Despite extensive…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-23 Joshua Pickard , Xin Mao , Can Chen

Hierarchy is one of the most conspicuous features of numerous natural, technological and social systems. The underlying structures are typically complex and their most relevant organizational principle is the ordering of the ties among the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-03-05 Tamás Nepusz , Tamás Vicsek

The study of triangles in graphs is a standard tool in network analysis, leading to measures such as the \emph{transitivity}, i.e., the fraction of paths of length $2$ that participate in triangles. Real-world networks are often directed,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-04-25 C. Seshadhri , Ali Pinar , Nurcan Durak , Tamara G. Kolda

In many real world datasets arising from social networks, there are hidden higher order relations among data points which cannot be captured using graph modeling. It is natural to use a more general notion of hypergraphs to model such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Dong Quan Ngoc Nguyen , Lin Xing

Graph representation learning has made major strides over the past decade. However, in many relational domains, the input data are not suited for simple graph representations as the relationships between entities go beyond pairwise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Balasubramaniam Srinivasan , Da Zheng , George Karypis

Online social networks have emerged as useful tools to communicate or share information and news on a daily basis. One of the most popular networks is Twitter, where users connect to each other via directed follower relationships.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Christoph Schweimer

Groups with complex set intersection relations are a natural way to model a wide array of data, from the formation of social groups to the complex protein interactions which form the basis of biological life. One approach to representing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Sepideh Maleki , Josh Vekhter , Keshav Pingali

The human brain is a complex system defined by multi-way, higher-order interactions invisible to traditional pairwise network models. Although a diverse array of analytical methods has been developed to address this shortcoming, the field…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-11 Mohamma Reza Salehi , Ali BashirGonbadi , Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh

The availability of network datasets advances research in network science, machine learning and related fields by enabling empirical analyses and their reproducibility, algorithm development, model validation and benchmarking. Existing…

Dynamic graphs are rife with higher-order interactions, such as co-authorship relationships and protein-protein interactions in biological networks, that naturally arise between more than two nodes at once. In spite of the ubiquitous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Manohar Kaul , Masaaki Imaizumi

Given any complex directed network, a set of acyclic subgraphs - the hierarchical backbone of the network - can be extracted that will provide valuable information about its hierarchical structure. The current paper presents how the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Luciano da Fontoura Costa

Networks are important structures used to model complex systems where interactions take place. In a basic network model, entities are represented as nodes, and interaction and relations among them are represented as edges. However, in a…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Mehmet Emin Aktas , Esra Akbas
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