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Simultaneous speech-to-text translation is widely useful in many scenarios. The conventional cascaded approach uses a pipeline of streaming ASR followed by simultaneous MT, but suffers from error propagation and extra latency. To alleviate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Junkun Chen , Mingbo Ma , Renjie Zheng , Liang Huang

Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) requires high-quality translations under strict real-time constraints, which traditional policies with only READ/WRITE actions cannot fully address. We extend the action space of SiMT with four…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Qianen Zhang , Zeyu Yang , Satoshi Nakamura

Transformer models using segment-based processing have been an effective architecture for simultaneous speech translation. However, such models create a context mismatch between training and inference environments, hindering potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Matthew Raffel , Drew Penney , Lizhong Chen

Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) aims to yield a real-time partial translation with a monotonically growing the source-side context. However, there is a counterintuitive phenomenon about the context usage between training and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Meizhi Zhong , Lemao Liu , Kehai Chen , Mingming Yang , Min Zhang

Simultaneous machine translation (SMT) takes streaming input utterances and incrementally produces target text. Existing SMT methods mainly use the partial utterance that has already arrived at the input and the generated hypothesis.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Siqi Ouyang , Oleksii Hrinchuk , Zhehuai Chen , Vitaly Lavrukhin , Jagadeesh Balam , Lei Li , Boris Ginsburg

Simultaneous speech-to-text translation (Simul-S2TT) aims to translate speech into target text in real time, outputting translations while receiving source speech input, rather than waiting for the entire utterance to be spoken. Simul-S2TT…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Pei Zhang , Yiming Wang , Jialong Tang , Baosong Yang , Rui Wang , Derek F. Wong , Fei Huang

Simultaneous translation involves translating a sentence before the speaker's utterance is completed in order to realize real-time understanding in multiple languages. This task is significantly more challenging than the general full…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Aizhan Imankulova , Masahiro Kaneko , Tosho Hirasawa , Mamoru Komachi

Speech-to-text translation (ST), which translates source language speech into target language text, has attracted intensive attention in recent years. Compared to the traditional pipeline system, the end-to-end ST model has potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Yuchen Liu , Jiajun Zhang , Hao Xiong , Long Zhou , Zhongjun He , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang , Chengqing Zong

Attention is the core mechanism of today's most used architectures for natural language processing and has been analyzed from many perspectives, including its effectiveness for machine translation-related tasks. Among these studies,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Sara Papi , Marco Turchi , Matteo Negri

Simultaneous Machine Translation is the task of incrementally translating an input sentence before it is fully available. Currently, simultaneous translation is carried out by translating each sentence independently of the previously…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Javier Iranzo-Sánchez , Jorge Civera , Alfons Juan

The majority of research in computational psycholinguistics has concentrated on the processing of words. This study introduces innovative methods for computing sentence-level metrics using multilingual large language models. The metrics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Kun Sun , Rong Wang

Simultaneous interpretation, the translation of speech from one language to another in real-time, is an inherently difficult and strenuous task. One of the greatest challenges faced by interpreters is the accurate translation of difficult…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Nikolai Vogler , Craig Stewart , Graham Neubig

Simultaneous Speech Translation (SimulST) involves generating target language text while continuously processing streaming speech input, presenting significant real-time challenges. Multi-task learning is often employed to enhance SimulST…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Xiaoqian Liu , Yangfan Du , Jianjin Wang , Yuan Ge , Chen Xu , Tong Xiao , Guocheng Chen , Jingbo Zhu

Simultaneous speech translation (SST) can be evaluated on simulated online events where human evaluators watch subtitled videos and continuously express their satisfaction by pressing buttons (so called Continuous Rating). Continuous Rating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Dávid Javorský , Dominik Macháček , Ondřej Bojar

This paper presents CMU's submission to the IWSLT 2025 Simultaneous Speech Translation (SST) task for translating unsegmented English speech into Chinese and German text in a streaming manner. Our end-to-end speech-to-text system integrates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Siqi Ouyang , Xi Xu , Lei Li

Simultaneous speech translation is an essential communication task difficult for humans whereby a translation is generated concurrently with oncoming speech inputs. For such a streaming task, transformers using block processing to break an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Matthew Raffel , Lizhong Chen

Serving large language models (LLMs) in production can incur substantial costs, which has prompted recent advances in inference system optimizations. Today, these systems are evaluated against conventional latency and throughput metrics…

Simultaneous Speech Translation (SimulST) requires balancing high translation quality with low latency. Recent work introduced REINA, a method that trains a Read/Write policy based on estimating the information gain of reading more audio.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Joseph Liu , Nameer Hirschkind , Xiao Yu , Mahesh Kumar Nandwana

Simultaneous translation (ST) outputs translation while receiving the source inputs, and hence requires a policy to determine whether to translate a target token or wait for the next source token. The major challenge of ST is that each…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Shaolei Zhang , Yang Feng

Training speech translation (ST) models requires large and high-quality datasets. MuST-C is one of the most widely used ST benchmark datasets. It contains around 400 hours of speech-transcript-translation data for each of the eight…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Siqi Ouyang , Rong Ye , Lei Li