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We introduce Sketch Tomography, an efficient procedure for quantum state tomography based on the classical shadow protocol used for quantum observable estimations. The procedure applies to the case where the ground truth quantum state is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Xun Tang , Haoxuan Chen , Yuehaw Khoo , Lexing Ying

We present a new technique for proving the security of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols. It is based on direct information-theoretic arguments and thus also applies if no equivalent entanglement purification scheme can be found.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 R. Renner , N. Gisin , B. Kraus

Remarkable breakthroughs in quantum science and technology are demanding for more efficient methods in analyzing quantum many-body states. A significant challenge in this field is to verify whether a quantum state prepared by quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-23 Langxuan Chen , Pengfei Zhang

Quantum superposition of high-dimensional states enables both computational speed-up and security in cryptographic protocols. However, the exponential complexity of tomographic processes makes certification of these properties a challenging…

Efficient verification of pure quantum states in the adversarial scenario is crucial to many applications in quantum information processing, such as blind measurement-based quantum computation and quantum networks. However, little is known…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-30 Huangjun Zhu , Masahito Hayashi

Understanding the dynamics of large quantum systems is hindered by the curse of dimensionality. Statistical learning offers new possibilities in this regime by neural-network protocols and classical shadows, while both methods have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-23 Yuxuan Du , Yibo Yang , Tongliang Liu , Zhouchen Lin , Bernard Ghanem , Dacheng Tao

We present the first protocol allowing a classical computer to interactively verify the result of an efficient quantum computation. We achieve this by constructing a measurement protocol, which enables a classical verifier to use a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Urmila Mahadev

Motivated by the fact that coherent states may offer practical advantages it was recently shown that a continuous-variable (CV) quantum position verification (QPV) protocol using coherent states could be securely implemented if and only if…

The precision and sensitivity achievable in quantum metrology are often compromised by the presence of noise. While quantum error correction has emerged as a promising strategy, it is ineffective in addressing noise that is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 Xiaodie Lin , Linxuan Li , Haidong Yuan

The technologies of quantum information and quantum control are rapidly improving, but full exploitation of their capabilities requires complete characterization and assessment of processes that occur within quantum devices. We present a…

The laws of quantum physics endow superior performance and security for information processing: quantum sensing harnesses nonclassical resources to enable measurement precision unmatched by classical sensing, whereas quantum cryptography…

A one way partial quantum bit commitment protocol is developed, using states with built-in classical correlation, completely independent of entanglement. It involves concealing information in a set of mutually non-orthogonal states and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-18 Sriram Prasath E. , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

In this work we study quantum position verification with continuous-variable quantum states. In contrast to existing discrete protocols, we present and analyze a protocol that utilizes coherent states and its properties. Compared to…

Continuous variable quantum cryptography has developed rapidly in recent decades, but how to verify identity in the continuous variable quantum system is still an urgent issue to be solved. To solve this problem, we propose a continuous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-17 Xing-Qiang Zhao , Hai Wan , Lv-Zhou Li

We introduce a method that allows one to infer many properties of a quantum state -- including nonlinear functions such as R\'enyi entropies -- using only global control over the constituent degrees of freedom. In this protocol, the state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-20 Max McGinley , Michele Fava

Quantum shadow tomography based on the classical shadow representation provides an efficient way to estimate properties of an unknown quantum state without performing a full quantum state tomography. In scenarios where estimating the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Aniket Sengupta , Arijit Chatterjee , G. J. Sreejith , T. S. Mahesh

In recent times, many protocols have been proposed to provide security for various information and communication systems. Such protocols must be tested for their functional correctness before they are used in practice. Application of formal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-01-11 Suvansh Lal , Mohit Jain , Vikrant Chaplot

We present two protocols for classical verification of quantum depth. Our protocols allow a purely classical verifier to distinguish devices with different quantum circuit depths even in the presence of classical computation. We show that a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-11 Nai-Hui Chia , Shih-Han Hung

Quantum communication protocols can be designed to detect eavesdropping attacks, something that classical technologies are unable to do since classical information can be replicated in a non-destructive manner. Eavesdropping detection is,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Santanu Majhi , Debajyoti Bera

Interfacing quantum and classical processors is an important subroutine in full-stack quantum algorithms. The so-called "classical shadow" method efficiently extracts essential classical information from quantum states, enabling the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-11 Shuowei Ma , Junyu Liu
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