English
Related papers

Related papers: Fine-tuning foundational models to code diagnoses …

200 papers

Objective: Healthcare data fragmentation presents a major challenge for linking patient data, necessitating robust record linkage to integrate patient records from diverse sources. This study investigates the feasibility of leveraging…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Mohammad Beheshti , Lovedeep Gondara , Iris Zachary

This study explores the optimization of the DRAGON Longformer base model for clinical text classification, specifically targeting the binary classification of medical case descriptions. A dataset of 500 clinical cases containing structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Mingchuan Yang , Ziyuan Huang

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have led to the development of highly potent models like OpenAI's ChatGPT. These models have exhibited exceptional performance in a variety of tasks, such as question answering, essay…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Ruixiang Tang , Xiaotian Han , Xiaoqian Jiang , Xia Hu

High-quality and carefully curated data is a cornerstone of training medical large language models, as it directly impacts both generalization and robustness to unseen clinical tasks. We investigate strategies for training and data curation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Timothy Ossowski , Sheng Zhang , Qianchu Liu , Guanghui Qin , Reuben Tan , Tristan Naumann , Junjie Hu , Hoifung Poon

Accurate diagnostic coding of medical notes is crucial for enhancing patient care, medical research, and error-free billing in healthcare organizations. Manual coding is a time-consuming task for providers, and diagnostic codes often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Prajwal Kailas , Max Homilius , Rahul C. Deo , Calum A. MacRae

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) hold significant promise in healthcare, demonstrating capabilities such as passing medical licensing exams and providing clinical knowledge. However, their current use as information retrieval tools…

The extraction of critical patient information from Electronic Health Records (EHRs) poses significant challenges due to the complexity and unstructured nature of the data. Traditional machine learning approaches often fail to capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zhimeng Luo , Abhibha Gupta , Adam Frisch , Daqing He

Clinical reasoning agents based on large language models (LLMs) aim to automate tasks such as intensive care unit (ICU) monitoring and patient state tracking from electronic health records (EHRs). Existing systems typically rely on manually…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Timothy Ossowski , Xinchi Liu , Danyal Maqbool , Vaibhav Dhanuka , Sheng Zhang , Hoifung Poon , Majid Afshar , Tyler Bradshaw , Junjie Hu

Rare diseases pose significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to their low prevalence and heterogeneous clinical presentations. Unstructured clinical notes contain valuable information for identifying rare diseases, but manual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Jinge Wu , Hang Dong , Zexi Li , Haowei Wang , Runci Li , Arijit Patra , Chengliang Dai , Waqar Ali , Phil Scordis , Honghan Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) consistently excel in diverse medical Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, yet their substantial computational requirements often limit deployment in real-world healthcare settings. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Pietro Ferrazzi , Mattia Franzin , Alberto Lavelli , Bernardo Magnini

Medical coding, the translation of unstructured clinical text into standardized medical codes, is a crucial but time-consuming healthcare practice. Though large language models (LLM) could automate the coding process and improve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 John Wu , David Wu , Jimeng Sun

Today, we are seeing an ever-increasing number of clinical notes that contain clinical results, images, and textual descriptions of patient's health state. All these data can be analyzed and employed to cater novel services that can help…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Danilo Dessi , Rim Helaoui , Vivek Kumar , Diego Reforgiato Recupero , Daniele Riboni

Few-shot learning has been studied to adapt models to tasks with very few samples. It holds profound significance, particularly in clinical tasks, due to the high annotation cost of medical images. Several works have explored few-shot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Kaipeng Zheng , Weiran Huang , Lichao Sun

To advance biomedical vison-language model capabilities through scaling up, fine-tuning, and instruction tuning, develop vision-language models with improved performance in handling long text, explore strategies to efficiently adopt vision…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Cheng Peng , Kai Zhang , Mengxian Lyu , Hongfang Liu , Lichao Sun , Yonghui Wu

Background: One of the ways to enhance analyses conducted with large claims databases is by validating the measurement characteristics of code-based algorithms used to identify health outcomes or other key study parameters of interest.…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and LLaMA show promise in medical applications, yet challenges remain in medical language comprehension. This study presents Me-LLaMA, a new medical LLM family based on…

Objective: This review aims to analyze the application of natural language processing (NLP) techniques in cancer research using electronic health records (EHRs) and clinical notes. This review addresses gaps in the existing literature by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Muhammad Bilal , Ameer Hamza , Nadia Malik

The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare has been revolutionary, especially with the recent advancements in transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the task of understanding unstructured electronic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Shivani Shekhar , Simran Tiwari , T. C. Rensink , Ramy Eskander , Wael Salloum

Healthcare domain generates a lot of unstructured and semi-structured text. Natural Language processing (NLP) has been used extensively to process this data. Deep Learning based NLP especially Large Language Models (LLMs) such as BERT have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Kunal Suri , Atul Singh , Prakhar Mishra , Swapna Sourav Rout , Rajesh Sabapathy

Despite advances in machine learning (ML) and large language models (LLMs), rule-based natural language processing (NLP) systems remain active in clinical settings due to their interpretability and operational efficiency. However, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Jianlin Shi , Brian T. Bucher