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In this work, we investigate the potential of a large language model (LLM) to directly comprehend visual signals without the necessity of fine-tuning on multi-modal datasets. The foundational concept of our method views an image as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Lei Zhu , Fangyun Wei , Yanye Lu

While significant advancements have been made in compressed representations for text embeddings in large language models (LLMs), the compression of visual tokens in multi-modal LLMs (MLLMs) has remained a largely overlooked area. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Jieneng Chen , Luoxin Ye , Ju He , Zhao-Yang Wang , Daniel Khashabi , Alan Yuille

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate impressive performance in understanding visual content with language instruction by converting visual inputs to vision tokens. However, redundancy in vision tokens results in the degraded inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Sixun Dong , Juhua Hu , Mian Zhang , Ming Yin , Yanjie Fu , Qi Qian

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated exceptional success in various multimodal tasks, yet their deployment is frequently limited by substantial computational demands and prolonged inference times. Given that the vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Zihui Zhao , Yingxin Li , Yang Li

The integration of visual inputs with large language models (LLMs) has led to remarkable advancements in multi-modal capabilities, giving rise to visual large language models (VLLMs). However, effectively harnessing VLLMs for intricate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Renjie Pi , Lewei Yao , Jiahui Gao , Jipeng Zhang , Tong Zhang

Developing a robust visual quality assessment (VQualA) large multi-modal model (LMM) requires achieving versatility, powerfulness, and transferability. However, existing VQualA LMMs typically focus on a single task and rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ziheng Jia , Linhan Cao , Jinliang Han , Zicheng Zhang , Jiaying Qian , Jiarui Wang , Zijian Chen , Guangtao Zhai , Xiongkuo Min

The rapid progress of large language models (LLMs) has laid the foundation for multimodal models. However, visual language models (VLMs) still face heavy computational costs when extended from images to videos due to high frame rates and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Peiran Wu , Zhuorui Yu , Yunze Liu , Chi-Hao Wu , Enmin Zhou , Junxiao Shen

With the advancement of large-scale language modeling techniques, large multimodal models combining visual encoders with large language models have demonstrated exceptional performance in various visual tasks. Most of the current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Yi Chen , Jian Xu , Xu-Yao Zhang , Wen-Zhuo Liu , Yang-Yang Liu , Cheng-Lin Liu

Vision-language pre-training (VLP) methods are blossoming recently, and its crucial goal is to jointly learn visual and textual features via a transformer-based architecture, demonstrating promising improvements on a variety of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Weihan Wang , Zhen Yang , Bin Xu , Juanzi Li , Yankui Sun

Human action recognition often struggles with deep semantic understanding, complex contextual information, and fine-grained distinction, limitations that traditional methods frequently encounter when dealing with diverse video data.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jingwei Peng , Zhixuan Qiu , Boyu Jin , Surasakdi Siripong

Token-based video representation has emerged as a promising approach for enabling large language models (LLMs) to interpret video content. However, existing token reduction techniques, such as pruning and merging, often disrupt essential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Haichao Zhang , Yun Fu

Recent Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have advanced multi-modal understanding by incorporating finer-grained visual perception and encoding. However, such methods incur significant computational costs due to longer visual token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ce Zhang , Kaixin Ma , Tianqing Fang , Wenhao Yu , Hongming Zhang , Zhisong Zhang , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

The application of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) for analyzing images and videos is an exciting and rapidly evolving field. In recent years, we've seen significant growth in high-quality image-text datasets for fine-tuning image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Han Wang , Yuxiang Nie , Yongjie Ye , Deng GuanYu , Yanjie Wang , Shuai Li , Haiyang Yu , Jinghui Lu , Can Huang

We empirically investigate proper pre-training methods to build good visual tokenizers, making Large Language Models (LLMs) powerful Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). In our benchmark, which is curated to evaluate MLLMs visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Guangzhi Wang , Yixiao Ge , Xiaohan Ding , Mohan Kankanhalli , Ying Shan

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have proven effective on various tasks. They typically encode visual inputs into Original Model sequences of tokens, which are then concatenated with textual tokens and jointly processed by the language model.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Hao Zhang , Mengsi Lyu , Bo Huang , Yulong Ao , Yonghua Lin

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in short video understanding tasks but face great challenges when applied to long video understanding. In contrast, Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit outstanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Hongchen Wei , Zhenzhong Chen

Unlearning in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) prevents the model from revealing private information when queried about target images. Existing MLLM unlearning methods largely adopt approaches developed for LLMs. They treat all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Chengyi Cai , Zesheng Ye , Peike Li , Bo Han , Jianzhong Qi , Feng Liu

Video-based multimodal large language models (Video-LLMs) possess significant potential for video understanding tasks. However, most Video-LLMs treat videos as a sequential set of individual frames, which results in insufficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Xiaohan Lan , Yitian Yuan , Zequn Jie , Lin Ma

Recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel on benchmark vision-language tasks, yet little is known about how input visual quality shapes their responses. Does higher perceptual quality of images already translate to better MLLM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Shuo Xing , Lanqing Guo , Hongyuan Hua , Seoyoung Lee , Peiran Li , Yufei Wang , Zhangyang Wang , Zhengzhong Tu

Multi-modal Large Langue Models (MLLMs) often process thousands of visual tokens, which consume a significant portion of the context window and impose a substantial computational burden. Prior work has empirically explored visual token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Dingchen Yang , Bowen Cao , Anran Zhang , Weibo Gu , Winston Hu , Guang Chen