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Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is a popular deep policy gradient algorithm. In standard implementations, PPO regularizes policy updates with clipped probability ratios, and parameterizes policies with either continuous Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Chloe Ching-Yun Hsu , Celestine Mendler-Dünner , Moritz Hardt

We study web and mobile applications that are used to schedule advance service, from medical appointments to restaurant reservations. We model them as online weighted bipartite matching problems with non-stationary arrivals. We propose new…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-05-29 Xinshang Wang , Van-Anh Truong , David Bank

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO)-based reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) is a widely adopted paradigm for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, its training pipeline suffers from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Kaizhuo Yan , Yingjie Yu , Yifan Yu , Haizhong Zheng , Fan Lai

Coflow is a network abstraction used to represent communication patterns in data centers. The coflow scheduling problem in large data centers is one of the most important $NP$-hard problems. Many previous studies on coflow scheduling mainly…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Chi-Yeh Chen

Diagnostic clinics are among healthcare facilities that suffer from long waiting times which can cause medical issues and lead to increases in patient no-shows. Reducing waiting times without significant capital investments is a challenging…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-04-20 Mahsa Kiani , Burak Eksioglu , Tugce Isik , Alexandria Thomas , John Gilpin

We propose a new family of policy gradient methods for reinforcement learning, which alternate between sampling data through interaction with the environment, and optimizing a "surrogate" objective function using stochastic gradient ascent.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-29 John Schulman , Filip Wolski , Prafulla Dhariwal , Alec Radford , Oleg Klimov

Recent research has leveraged large language model multi-agent systems for complex problem-solving while trying to reduce the manual effort required to build them, driving the development of automated agent workflow optimization methods.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Yinjie Wang , Ling Yang , Guohao Li , Mengdi Wang , Bryon Aragam

We consider the coflow scheduling problem in the non-clairvoyant setting, assuming that flow sizes are realized on-line according to given probability distributions. The goal is to minimize the weighted average completion time of coflows in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Olivier Brun , Balakrishna J. Prabhu

This paper addresses the scheduling problem of coflows in identical parallel networks, which is a well-known $NP$-hard problem. Coflow is a relatively new network abstraction used to characterize communication patterns in data centers. We…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Chi-Yeh Chen

We consider a multi-stage stochastic optimization problem originally introduced by Cygan et al. (2013), studying how a single server should prioritize stochastically departing customers. In this setting, our objective is to determine an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Danny Segev

This paper investigates the application of Reinforcement Learning (RL) to optimise call routing in call centres to minimise client waiting time and staff idle time. Two methods are compared: a model-based approach using Value Iteration (VI)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Kwong Ho Li , Wathsala Karunarathne

A key operational challenge for call centers is to decide, in real time, which waiting customer should be served by which available agent. This is known as skill-based routing, and the decision becomes especially difficult in large systems…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-12 Baris Ata , Ebru Kasikaralar

Training reinforcement learning policies using environment interaction data collected from varying policies or dynamics presents a fundamental challenge. Existing works often overlook the distribution discrepancies induced by policy or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Yu Luo , Tianying Ji , Fuchun Sun , Jianwei Zhang , Huazhe Xu , Xianyuan Zhan

Motivated by modern-day applications such as Attended Home Delivery and Preference-based Group Scheduling, where decision makers wish to steer a large number of customers toward choosing the exact same alternative, we introduce a novel…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-13 Omar El Housni , Marouane Ibn Brahim , Danny Segev

Novel advanced policy gradient (APG) methods, such as Trust Region policy optimization and Proximal policy optimization (PPO), have become the dominant reinforcement learning algorithms because of their ease of implementation and good…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-22 J. G. Dai , Mark Gluzman

Plateaus, where an agent's performance stagnates at a suboptimal level, are a common problem in deep on-policy RL. Focusing on PPO due to its widespread adoption, we show that plateaus in certain regimes arise not because of known…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Michael Beukman , Khimya Khetarpal , Zeyu Zheng , Will Dabney , Jakob Foerster , Michael Dennis , Clare Lyle

This paper addresses key challenges in task scheduling for multi-tenant distributed systems, including dynamic resource variation, heterogeneous tenant demands, and fairness assurance. An adaptive scheduling method based on reinforcement…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Xiaopei Zhang , Xingang Wang , Xin Wang

The rapid development of large language model (LLM) alignment algorithms has resulted in a complex and fragmented landscape, with limited clarity on the effectiveness of different methods and their inter-connections. This paper introduces…

Unexpected increases in demand and most of all flash crowds are considered the bane of every web application as they may cause intolerable delays or even service unavailability. Proper quality of service policies must guarantee rapid…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2009-01-29 Novella Bartolini , Giancarlo Bongiovanni , Simone Silvestri

We consider the pull-based broadcast scheduling model. In this model, there are n unit-sized pages of information available at the server. Requests arrive over time at the server asking for a specific page. When the server transmits a page,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-09-17 Sungjin Im , Maxim Sviridenko