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The applications of large language models (LLMs) have expanded well beyond the confines of text processing, signaling a new era where LLMs are envisioned as generalist agents capable of operating within complex environments. These…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Yu Gu , Yiheng Shu , Hao Yu , Xiao Liu , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang , Jayanth Srinivasa , Hugo Latapie , Yu Su

LLM-based agents have emerged as transformative tools capable of executing complex tasks through iterative planning and action, achieving significant advancements in understanding and addressing user needs. Yet, their effectiveness remains…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mithat Can Ozgun , Jiahuan Pei , Koen Hindriks , Lucia Donatelli , Qingzhi Liu , Junxiao Wang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have sparked growing interest in automatic RTL optimization for better performance, power, and area (PPA). However, existing methods are still far from realistic RTL optimization. Their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Wenji Fang , Yao Lu , Shang Liu , Jing Wang , Ziyan Guo , Junxian He , Fengbin Tu , Zhiyao Xie

Large language model (LLM) agents rely on external tools to solve complex tasks, but real-world toolsets often contain redundant tools with overlapping names and descriptions, introducing ambiguity and reducing selection accuracy. LLMs also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Marianne Menglin Liu , Daniel Garcia , Fjona Parllaku , Vikas Upadhyay , Syed Fahad Allam Shah , Dan Roth

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance on existing medical question-answering benchmarks. This high performance makes it increasingly difficult to meaningfully evaluate and differentiate advanced methods. We present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Xiangru Tang , Daniel Shao , Jiwoong Sohn , Jiapeng Chen , Jiayi Zhang , Jinyu Xiang , Fang Wu , Yilun Zhao , Chenglin Wu , Wenqi Shi , Arman Cohan , Mark Gerstein

Med42-v2 introduces a suite of clinical large language models (LLMs) designed to address the limitations of generic models in healthcare settings. These models are built on Llama3 architecture and fine-tuned using specialized clinical data.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Clément Christophe , Praveen K Kanithi , Tathagata Raha , Shadab Khan , Marco AF Pimentel

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in role-playing scenarios, particularly in simulating domain-specific experts using tailored prompts. This ability enables LLMs to adopt the persona of individuals with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Xinyao Ma , Rui Zhu , Zihao Wang , Jingwei Xiong , Qingyu Chen , Haixu Tang , L. Jean Camp , Lucila Ohno-Machado

Large Language Models (LLMs) and multi-agent systems have shown impressive capabilities in natural language tasks but face challenges in clinical trial applications, primarily due to limited access to external knowledge. Recognizing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Ling Yue , Sixue Xing , Jintai Chen , Tianfan Fu

High computation costs and latency of large language models such as GPT-4 have limited their deployment in clinical settings. Small language models (SLMs) offer a cost-effective alternative, but their limited capacity requires biomedical…

Users typically engage with LLMs interactively, yet most existing benchmarks evaluate them in a static, single-turn format, posing reliability concerns in interactive scenarios. We identify a key obstacle towards reliability: LLMs are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Shuyue Stella Li , Vidhisha Balachandran , Shangbin Feng , Jonathan S. Ilgen , Emma Pierson , Pang Wei Koh , Yulia Tsvetkov

Recent improvements in large language models (LLMs) have had a dramatic effect on capabilities and productivity across many disciplines involving critical thinking and writing. The development of the model context protocol (MCP) provides a…

The potential of Large Language Model (LLM) as agents has been widely acknowledged recently. Thus, there is an urgent need to quantitatively \textit{evaluate LLMs as agents} on challenging tasks in interactive environments. We present…

Since the introduction of the Model Context Protocol (MCP), the number of available tools for Large Language Models (LLMs) has increased significantly. These task-specific tool sets offer an alternative to general-purpose tools such as web…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Reza Esfandiarpoor , Vishwas Suryanarayanan , Stephen H. Bach , Vishal Chowdhary , Anthony Aue

Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming ubiquitous to create intelligent virtual assistants that assist users in interacting with a system, as exemplified in marketing. Although LLMs have been discussed in Modeling & Simulation (M&S), the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Philippe J. Giabbanelli , Jose J. Padilla , Ameeta Agrawal

Artificial intelligence has demonstrated significant potential in clinical decision-making; however, developing models capable of adapting to diverse real-world scenarios and performing complex diagnostic reasoning remains a major…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Ronghao Xu , Zhen Huang , Yangbo Wei , Xiaoqian Zhou , Zikang Xu , Ting Liu , Zihang Jiang , S. Kevin Zhou

Mathematical reasoning is an important research direction in the field of artificial intelligence. This article proposes a novel multi tool application framework for mathematical reasoning, aiming to achieve more comprehensive and accurate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Zhihua Duan , Jialin Wang

The deployment of Large Language Models (LLM) on mobile devices offers significant potential for medical applications, enhancing privacy, security, and cost-efficiency by eliminating reliance on cloud-based services and keeping sensitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Leon Nissen , Philipp Zagar , Vishnu Ravi , Aydin Zahedivash , Lara Marie Reimer , Stephan Jonas , Oliver Aalami , Paul Schmiedmayer

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in various NLP tasks, but they still suffer from challenges such as hallucination and weak numerical reasoning. To overcome these challenges, external tools can be used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Yuchen Zhuang , Yue Yu , Kuan Wang , Haotian Sun , Chao Zhang

Agentic systems enable the intelligent use of research tooling, augmenting a researcher's ability to investigate and propose novel solutions to existing problems. Within Additive Manufacturing (AM), alloy selection and evaluation remains a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Peter Pak , Achuth Chandrasekhar , Amir Barati Farimani

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized medical reasoning tasks, yet single-agent systems often falter on complex, interdisciplinary problems requiring robust handling of uncertainty and conflicting evidence. Multi-agent systems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xiaoyang Wang , Christopher C. Yang