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Recently, program synthesis driven by large language models (LLMs) has become increasingly popular. However, program synthesis for machine learning (ML) tasks still poses significant challenges. This paper explores a novel form of program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Jinglue Xu , Jialong Li , Zhen Liu , Nagar Anthel Venkatesh Suryanarayanan , Guoyuan Zhou , Jia Guo , Hitoshi Iba , Kenji Tei

An important issue impacting healthcare is a lack of available experts. Machine learning (ML) models could resolve this by aiding in diagnosing patients. However, creating datasets large enough to train these models is expensive. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Chancellor R. Woolsey , Prakash Bisht , Joshua Rothman , Gondy Leroy

Data augmentation is a critical component of deep learning pipelines, enhancing model generalization by increasing dataset diversity. Traditional augmentation strategies rely on manually designed transformations, stochastic sampling, or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Ant Duru , Alptekin Temizel

Post-training of Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for unlocking their task generalization potential and domain-specific capabilities. However, the current LLM post-training paradigm faces significant data challenges, including the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Junyu Luo , Bohan Wu , Xiao Luo , Zhiping Xiao , Yiqiao Jin , Rong-Cheng Tu , Nan Yin , Yifan Wang , Jingyang Yuan , Wei Ju , Ming Zhang

In this paper, we present an effective data augmentation framework leveraging the Large Language Model (LLM) and Diffusion Model (DM) to tackle the challenges inherent in data-scarce scenarios. Recently, DMs have opened up the possibility…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Kyuheon Jung , Yongdeuk Seo , Seongwoo Cho , Jaeyoung Kim , Hyun-seok Min , Sungchul Choi

This paper explores the use of large language models (LLMs) to assist in the development of new disease modules for Synthea, an open-source synthetic health data generator. Incorporating LLMs into the module development process has the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Mark A. Kramer , Aanchal Mathur , Caroline E. Adams , Jason A. Walonoski

Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4o can help automate text classification tasks at low cost and scale. However, there are major concerns about the validity and reliability of LLM outputs. By contrast, human coding is generally more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Conrad Borchers , Danielle R. Thomas , Jionghao Lin , Ralph Abboud , Kenneth R. Koedinger

Data plays a fundamental role in training Large Language Models (LLMs). Efficient data management, particularly in formulating a well-suited training dataset, is significant for enhancing model performance and improving training efficiency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Zige Wang , Wanjun Zhong , Yufei Wang , Qi Zhu , Fei Mi , Baojun Wang , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed artificial intelligence by excelling in complex natural language processing tasks. Their ability to generate human-like text has opened new possibilities for market research, particularly in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Mengxin Wang , Dennis J. Zhang , Heng Zhang

In response to the growing complexity and volume of scientific literature, this paper introduces the LLMs4Synthesis framework, designed to enhance the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in generating high-quality scientific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Hamed Babaei Giglou , Jennifer D'Souza , Sören Auer

Synthetic data generation has emerged as an invaluable solution in scenarios where real-world data collection and usage are limited by cost and scarcity. Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in producing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Anh Nguyen , Sam Schafft , Nicholas Hale , John Alfaro

Tabular data synthesis is crucial in machine learning, yet existing general methods-primarily based on statistical or deep learning models-are highly data-dependent and often fall short in recommender systems. This limitation arises from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Jingtong Gao , Zhaocheng Du , Xiaopeng Li , Yichao Wang , Xiangyang Li , Huifeng Guo , Ruiming Tang , Xiangyu Zhao

Machine Learning (ML) in low-data settings remains an underappreciated yet crucial problem. Hence, data augmentation methods to increase the sample size of datasets needed for ML are key to unlocking the transformative potential of ML in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Nabeel Seedat , Nicolas Huynh , Boris van Breugel , Mihaela van der Schaar

One of the limitations of large language models is that they do not have access to up-to-date, proprietary or personal data. As a result, there are multiple efforts to extend language models with techniques for accessing external data. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Alon Halevy , Jane Dwivedi-Yu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in synthetic tabular data generation, yet existing methods struggle to preserve complex feature dependencies, particularly among categorical variables. This work introduces a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Andrey Sidorenko

Mathematical reasoning remains challenging for LLMs due to complex logic and the need for precise computation. Existing methods enhance LLM reasoning by synthesizing datasets through problem rephrasing, but face issues with generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Lei Xu , Sirui Chen , Yuxuan Huang , Chaochao Lu

Synthetic data has the potential to improve the performance, training efficiency, and privacy of real training examples. Nevertheless, existing approaches for synthetic text generation are mostly heuristics and cannot generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Dang Nguyen , Zeman Li , Mohammadhossein Bateni , Vahab Mirrokni , Meisam Razaviyayn , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

The rapid progress of large language models (LLMs) is fueled by the growing reliance on datasets that blend real and synthetic data. While synthetic data offers scalability and cost-efficiency, it often introduces systematic distributional…

The nuclear industry possesses a wealth of valuable information locked away in unstructured text data. This data, however, is not readily usable for advanced Large Language Model (LLM) applications that require clean, structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Muhammad Anwar , Daniel Lau , Mishca de Costa , Issam Hammad

Error correction is an important capability when applying large language models (LLMs) to facilitate user typing on mobile devices. In this paper, we use LLMs to synthesize a high-quality dataset of error correction pairs to evaluate and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yanxiang Zhang , Zheng Xu , Shanshan Wu , Yuanbo Zhang , Daniel Ramage