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Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significant advancements, but the increasing complexity of tasks and higher performance demands highlight the need for continuous improvement. Some approaches utilize synthetic data generated by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Haokun Zhao , Jinyi Han , Jiaqing Liang , Yanghua Xiao , Xiaojun Meng , Jiansheng Wei

Training large language models (LLMs) for external tool usage is a rapidly expanding field, with recent research focusing on generating synthetic data to address the shortage of available data. However, the absence of systematic data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Shadi Iskander , Nachshon Cohen , Zohar Karnin , Ori Shapira , Sofia Tolmach

The ability of large language models (LLMs) to process and reason over long textual inputs is critical for a wide range of real-world applications. However, progress in this area is significantly constrained by the absence of high-quality,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Seganrasan Subramanian , Abhigya Verma

Data is a crucial element in large language model (LLM) alignment. Recent studies have explored using LLMs for efficient data collection. However, LLM-generated data often suffers from quality issues, with underrepresented or absent aspects…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Fei Wang , Ninareh Mehrabi , Palash Goyal , Rahul Gupta , Kai-Wei Chang , Aram Galstyan

Synthetically-generated data plays an increasingly larger role in training large language models. However, while synthetic data has been found to be useful, studies have also shown that without proper curation it can cause LLM performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Kareem Amin , Sara Babakniya , Alex Bie , Weiwei Kong , Umar Syed , Sergei Vassilvitskii

While modern Requirements Engineering (RE) heavily relies on natural language processing and Machine Learning (ML) techniques, their effectiveness is limited by the scarcity of high-quality datasets. This paper introduces Synthline, a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Abdelkarim El-Hajjami , Camille Salinesi

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a promising frontier for recommender systems, yet their development has been impeded by the absence of predictable scaling laws, which are crucial for guiding research and optimizing resource…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Benyu Zhang , Qiang Zhang , Jianpeng Cheng , Hong-You Chen , Qifei Wang , Wei Sun , Shen Li , Jia Li , Jiahao Wu , Xiangjun Fan , Hong Yan

Data augmentation is an essential technique in natural language processing (NLP) for enriching training datasets by generating diverse samples. This process is crucial for improving the robustness and generalization capabilities of NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Zaitian Wang , Jinghan Zhang , Xinhao Zhang , Kunpeng Liu , Pengfei Wang , Yuanchun Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) have enabled a range of applications in zero-shot and few-shot learning settings, including the generation of synthetic datasets for training and testing. However, to reliably use these synthetic datasets, it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Gaurav Maheshwari , Dmitry Ivanov , Kevin El Haddad

Large language models (LLMs) rely on pretraining on massive and heterogeneous corpora, where training data composition has a decisive impact on training efficiency and downstream generalization under realistic compute and data budget…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhuo Chen , Yuxuan Miao , Supryadi , Deyi Xiong

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly reshaping machine translation (MT), particularly by introducing instruction-following, in-context learning, and preference-based alignment into what has traditionally been a supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Baban Gain , Dibyanayan Bandyopadhyay , Asif Ekbal , Trilok Nath Singh

Large language models (LLMs) with extended context windows enable tasks requiring extensive information integration but are limited by the scarcity of high-quality, diverse datasets for long-context instruction tuning. Existing data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jiaxi Li , Xingxing Zhang , Xun Wang , Xiaolong Huang , Li Dong , Liang Wang , Si-Qing Chen , Wei Lu , Furu Wei

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable multilingual capabilities, making them promising tools in both high- and low-resource languages. One particularly valuable use case is generating synthetic samples that can be used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Branislav Pecher , Jan Cegin , Robert Belanec , Ivan Srba , Jakub Simko , Maria Bielikova

Synthetic Data Generation (SDG), leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs), has recently been recognized and broadly adopted as an effective approach to improve the performance of smaller but more resource and compute efficient LLMs through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Srideepika Jayaraman , Achille Fokoue , Dhaval Patel , Jayant Kalagnanam

This paper provides a detailed survey of synthetic data techniques. We first discuss the expected goals of using synthetic data in data augmentation, which can be divided into four parts: 1) Improving Diversity, 2) Data Balancing, 3)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Hsin-Yu Chang , Pei-Yu Chen , Tun-Hsiang Chou , Chang-Sheng Kao , Hsuan-Yun Yu , Yen-Ting Lin , Yun-Nung Chen

Synthetic data has become a pivotal resource in post-training tasks for large language models (LLMs) due to the scarcity of high-quality, specific data. While various methods have been developed to generate synthetic data, there remains a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Zeyu Gan , Yong Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable effectiveness across various domains, with data augmentation methods utilizing GPT for synthetic data generation becoming prevalent. However, the quality and utility of augmented data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Zeao Tu , Xiangdi Meng , Yu He , Zihan Yao , Tianyu Qi , Jun Liu , Ming Li

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) are currently state-of-the-art for solving the vast majority of natural language processing tasks. While many real-world applications still require fine-tuning to reach satisfactory levels of…

Imbalanced classification and spurious correlation are common challenges in data science and machine learning. Both issues are linked to data imbalance, with certain groups of data samples significantly underrepresented, which in turn would…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-10 Ryumei Nakada , Yichen Xu , Lexin Li , Linjun Zhang

This paper presents an innovative exploration of the application potential of large language models (LLM) in addressing the challenging task of automatically generating behavior trees (BTs) for complex tasks. The conventional manual BT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Fu Li , Xueying Wang , Bin Li , Yunlong Wu , Yanzhen Wang , Xiaodong Yi