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We characterize regions of a loss surface as corridors when the continuous curves of steepest descent -- the solutions of the gradient flow -- become straight lines. We show that corridors provide insights into gradient-based optimization,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-15 Benoit Dherin , Mihaela Rosca

We determine sufficient conditions for overparametrized deep learning (DL) networks to guarantee the attainability of zero loss in the context of supervised learning, for the $\mathcal{L}^2$ cost and {\em generic} training data. We present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Thomas Chen , Andrew G. Moore

The loss landscapes of deep neural networks are not well understood due to their high nonconvexity. Empirically, the local minima of these loss functions can be connected by a learned curve in model space, along which the loss remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-11 N. Joseph Tatro , Pin-Yu Chen , Payel Das , Igor Melnyk , Prasanna Sattigeri , Rongjie Lai

Recently, there has been significant progress in understanding the convergence and generalization properties of gradient-based methods for training overparameterized learning models. However, many aspects including the role of small random…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Mahdi Soltanolkotabi , Dominik Stöger , Changzhi Xie

Neural network training relies on our ability to find "good" minimizers of highly non-convex loss functions. It is well-known that certain network architecture designs (e.g., skip connections) produce loss functions that train easier, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Hao Li , Zheng Xu , Gavin Taylor , Christoph Studer , Tom Goldstein

Modern deep learning models are highly overparameterized, resulting in large sets of parameter configurations that yield the same outputs. A significant portion of this redundancy is explained by symmetries in the parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Bo Zhao , Robin Walters , Rose Yu

Recently, over-parameterized neural networks have been extensively analyzed in the literature. However, the previous studies cannot satisfactorily explain why fully trained neural networks are successful in practice. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Cong Fang , Hanze Dong , Tong Zhang

This paper investigates how the compositional structure of neural networks shapes their optimization landscape and training dynamics. We analyze the gradient flow associated with overparameterized optimization problems, which can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Arthur Castello Branco de Oliveira , Dhruv Jatkar , Eduardo Sontag

Finding parameters in a deep neural network (NN) that fit training data is a nonconvex optimization problem, but a basic first-order optimization method (gradient descent) finds a global optimizer with perfect fit (zero-loss) in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Zhiyan Ding , Shi Chen , Qin Li , Stephen Wright

Automated per-instance algorithm selection and configuration have shown promising performances for a number of classic optimization problems, including satisfiability, AI planning, and TSP. The techniques often rely on a set of features…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Tome Eftimov , Gorjan Popovski , Quentin Renau , Peter Korosec , Carola Doerr

Exploratory Landscape Analysis is a powerful technique for numerically characterizing landscapes of single-objective continuous optimization problems. Landscape insights are crucial both for problem understanding as well as for assessing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Moritz Vinzent Seiler , Raphael Patrick Prager , Pascal Kerschke , Heike Trautmann

Overparametrization is a key factor in the absence of convexity to explain global convergence of gradient descent (GD) for neural networks. Beside the well studied lazy regime, infinite width (mean field) analysis has been developed for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Raphaël Barboni , Gabriel Peyré , François-Xavier Vialard

In all but the most trivial optimization problems, the structure of the solutions exhibit complex interdependencies between the input parameters. Decades of research with stochastic search techniques has shown the benefit of explicitly…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Shumeet Baluja

Training large neural networks (NNs) requires optimizing high-dimensional data-dependent loss functions. The optimization landscape of these functions is often highly complex and textured, even fractal-like, with many spurious local minima,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Mohammed Djameleddine Belgoumri , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Hakim Hacid , Imran Razzak , Sunil Aryal

Generalization is one of the most important problems in deep learning (DL). In the overparameterized regime in neural networks, there exist many low-loss solutions that fit the training data equally well. The key question is which solution…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-06-21 Ning Yang , Chao Tang , Yuhai Tu

Over-parameterization and adaptive methods have played a crucial role in the success of deep learning in the last decade. The widespread use of over-parameterization has forced us to rethink generalization by bringing forth new phenomena,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-01 Vatsal Shah , Soumya Basu , Anastasios Kyrillidis , Sujay Sanghavi

%% Text of abstract The process of identifying the most suitable optimization algorithm for a specific problem, referred to as algorithm selection (AS), entails training models that leverage problem landscape features to forecast algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Gjorgjina Cenikj , Gašper Petelin , Moritz Seiler , Nikola Cenikj , Tome Eftimov

We analyze the optimization landscape of a recently introduced tunable class of loss functions called $\alpha$-loss, $\alpha \in (0,\infty]$, in the logistic model. This family encapsulates the exponential loss ($\alpha = 1/2$), the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Tyler Sypherd , Mario Diaz , Lalitha Sankar , Gautam Dasarathy

We study the optimization landscape of deep linear neural networks with the square loss. It is known that, under weak assumptions, there are no spurious local minima and no local maxima. However, the existence and diversity of non-strict…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-26 El Mehdi Achour , François Malgouyres , Sébastien Gerchinovitz

Many machine learning methods operate by inverting a neural network at inference time, which has become a popular technique for solving inverse problems in computer vision, robotics, and graphics. However, these methods often involve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Ruoshi Liu , Chengzhi Mao , Purva Tendulkar , Hao Wang , Carl Vondrick