Related papers: How Not to Measure a False QCD Critical Point
Local density fluctuations near the QCD critical point can be probed by an intermittency analysis of power-law behavior on scaled factorial moments in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We study the second-order scaled factorial moment in…
We propose methods to reconstruct particle distributions with and without considering initial volume fluctuations. This approach enables us to correct for detector efficiencies and initial volume fluctuations simultaneously. Our study…
With the help of transport and statistical models, we find that the ratios of higher net-proton cumulants measured at RHIC are dominated by the statistical fluctuations. Future measurements should focus on the dynamical fluctuations, which…
We present an analysis of proton number fluctuations in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.4 GeV Au+Au collisions measured with the High-Acceptance DiElectron Spectrometer (HADES) at GSI. With the help of extensive detector simulations done with IQMD…
An experimental study of current fluctuations through a tunable transmission barrier, a quantum point contact, are reported. We measure the probability distribution function of transmitted charge with precision sufficient to extract the…
A collision between a proton and a heavy nucleus at ultrarelativistic energy creates particles whose rapidity distribution is asymmetric, with more particles emitted in the direction of the nucleus than in the direction of the proton. This…
Fluctuations provide a powerful tool for elucidating the nature of strongly-interacting matter in the QCD phase diagram. In heavy-ion-collision systems, the net-particle number fluctuations are captured at the moment of chemical freeze-out.…
The event-by-event fluctuations in heavy ion collisions carry information about the thermodynamic properties of the hadronic system at the time of freeze-out. By studying these fluctuations as a function of varying control parameters, such…
We study the dependence of the normalized moments of the net-proton multiplicity distributions on the definition of centrality in relativistic nuclear collisions at a beam energy of $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}= 7.7$ GeV. Using the UrQMD model…
The baryon-number density formed in relativistic nuclear collisions, versus the chemical potential of the freeze-out states, is systematically studied on the basis of existing measurements. A remarkable power-law behaviour of the…
We compare the dispersion of the charges in a central rapidity box according to the Dual Parton Model with the predictions of statistical models. Significant deviations are found in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC energies. Hence the…
We show that the effect of finite acceptance drastically influences the net-baryon and net-charge cumulants, which are believed to be sensitive probes of the QCD phase diagram. We derive the general formulae that relate the true cumulants…
The UrQMD model with a density dependent equation of state, including a first-order phase transition, is used to study the time dependence of baryon number and proton number susceptibilities up to third order in heavy ion reactions of…
We study the influence of measured high cumulants of conserved charges on their associated statistical uncertainties in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. With a given number of events, the measured cumulants randomly fluctuate with an…
We discuss universal properties of higher order cumulants of net baryon number fluctuations and point out their relevance for the analysis of freeze-out and critical conditions in heavy ion collisions at LHC and RHIC.
We have studied the effect of limited statistics of data on measurement of the different order of cumulants of net-proton distribution assuming that the proton and antiproton distributions follow Possionian and Binomial distributions with…
We present the results of charged particle fluctuations measurements in Au + Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=130$ GeV using the STAR detector. Dynamical fluctuations measurements are presented for inclusive charged particle multiplicities…
Fluctuations of conserved quantities such as baryon number, charge, and strangeness are sensitive to the correlation length of the hot and dense matter created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions and can be used to search for the QCD…
We calculate several diagonal and non-diagonal fluctuations of conserved charges in a system of 2+1+1 quark flavors with physical masses, on a lattice with size $48^3\times12$. Higher order fluctuations at $\mu_B=0$ are obtained as…
Strongly interacting matter undergoes a crossover phase transition at high temperatures $T\sim 10^{12}$ K and zero net-baryon density. A fundamental question in the theory of strong interactions, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), is whether a…