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Requirements identification in textual documents or extraction is a tedious and error prone task that many researchers suggest automating. We manually annotated the PURE dataset and thus created a new one containing both requirements and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Vladimir Ivanov , Andrey Sadovykh , Alexandr Naumchev , Alessandra Bagnato , Kirill Yakovlev

The increasing prevalence of malicious Portable Document Format (PDF) files necessitates robust and comprehensive feature extraction techniques for effective detection and analysis. This work presents a unified framework that integrates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Sharmila S P

Researchers produce thousands of scholarly documents containing valuable technical knowledge. The community faces the laborious task of reading these documents to identify, extract, and synthesize information. To automate information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Tavish McDonald , Brian Tsan , Amar Saini , Juanita Ordonez , Luis Gutierrez , Phan Nguyen , Blake Mason , Brenda Ng

Large language models (LLMs) achieve optimal utility when their responses are grounded in external knowledge sources. However, real-world documents, such as annual reports, scientific papers, and clinical guidelines, frequently combine…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Chi Zhang , Qiyang Chen , Mengqi Zhang

The application of natural language processing models to PDF documents is pivotal for various business applications yet the challenge of training models for this purpose persists in businesses due to specific hurdles. These include the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Alex Nguyen , Zilong Wang , Jingbo Shang , Dheeraj Mekala

Reading comprehension models are based on recurrent neural networks that sequentially process the document tokens. As interest turns to answering more complex questions over longer documents, sequential reading of large portions of text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Mor Geva , Jonathan Berant

Recent studies show the growing significance of document retrieval in the generation of LLMs, i.e., RAG, within the scientific domain by bridging their knowledge gap. However, dense retrievers often struggle with domain-specific retrieval…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Fengyu Cai , Xinran Zhao , Tong Chen , Sihao Chen , Hongming Zhang , Iryna Gurevych , Heinz Koeppl

This paper presents a specialized methodology for digitizing and segmenting mathematical documents from zbMATH Open, a comprehensive database of mathematical literature, to enhance machine processing capabilities. Currently, approximately…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Ivan Pluzhnikov , Ankit Satpute , Moritz Schubotz , Olaf Teschke , Bela Gipp

Document translation poses a challenge for Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems. Most document-level NMT systems rely on meticulously curated sentence-level parallel data, assuming flawless extraction of text from documents along with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Benjamin Hsu , Xiaoyu Liu , Huayang Li , Yoshinari Fujinuma , Maria Nadejde , Xing Niu , Yair Kittenplon , Ron Litman , Raghavendra Pappagari

With the rapid advancement of digitalization, various document images are being applied more extensively in production and daily life, and there is an increasingly urgent need for fast and accurate parsing of the content in document images.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Feng Ni , Kui Huang , Yao Lu , Wenyu Lv , Guanzhong Wang , Zeyu Chen , Yi Liu

The growing demand for effective tools to parse PDF-formatted texts, particularly structured documents such as textbooks, reveals the limitations of current methods developed mainly for research paper segmentation. This work addresses the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Sabine Wehnert , Harikrishnan Changaramkulath , Ernesto William De Luca

This paper describes the KnowledgeHub tool, a scientific literature Information Extraction (IE) and Question Answering (QA) pipeline. This is achieved by supporting the ingestion of PDF documents that are converted to text and structured…

In the recent years, Portable Document Format, commonly known as PDF, has become a democratized standard for document exchange and dissemination. This trend has been due to its characteristics such as its flexibility and portability across…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Nicolas Fleury , Theo Dubrunquez , Ihsen Alouani

Computer aided Tabular Data Extraction has always been a very challenging and error prone task because it demands both Spectral and Spatial Sanity of data. In this paper we discuss an approach for Tabular Data Extraction in the realm of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Saumya Banthia , Anantha Sharma , Ravi Mangipudi

We present ForMaT (Format-Preserving Multilingual Translation), a parallel corpus of 3,956 PDFs across 15 language pairs that preserves original layout metadata proposed for multimodal machine translation. To ensure structural diversity in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Michał Ciesiółka , Dawid Wiśniewski , Adrian Charkiewicz , Kamil Guttmann

Documents are central to many business systems, and include forms, reports, contracts, invoices or purchase orders. The information in documents is typically in natural language, but can be organized in various layouts and formats. There…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Sumit Shekhar , Bhanu Prakash Reddy Guda , Ashutosh Chaubey , Ishan Jindal , Avneet Jain

Agriculture is a key component in any country's development. Domain-specific knowledge resources serve to gain insight into the domain. Existing knowledge resources such as AGROVOC and NAL Thesaurus are developed and maintained by the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Niladri Chatterjee , Neha Kaushik

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge sources to address their limitations in accessing up-to-date or specialized information. A natural strategy to increase the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Song Wang , Zihan Chen , Peng Wang , Zhepei Wei , Zhen Tan , Yu Meng , Cong Shen , Jundong Li

The increasing number of academic papers poses significant challenges for researchers to efficiently acquire key details. While retrieval augmented generation (RAG) shows great promise in large language model (LLM) based automated question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Ruisheng Cao , Hanchong Zhang , Tiancheng Huang , Zhangyi Kang , Yuxin Zhang , Liangtai Sun , Hanqi Li , Yuxun Miao , Shuai Fan , Lu Chen , Kai Yu

The widespread use of charts and infographics as a means of data visualization in various domains has inspired recent research in automated chart understanding. However, information extraction from chart images is a complex multitasked…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Osama Mustafa , Muhammad Khizer Ali , Momina Moetesum , Imran Siddiqi