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The paper presents a systematic methodology for analyzing software developer productivity by refining contribution rate metrics to distinguish meaningful development efforts from anomalies. Using the Mean-High Model Contribution Rate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Vincil Bishop , Steven Simske

The durability and quality of software contributions are critical factors in the long-term maintainability of a codebase. This paper introduces the Time to Modification (TTM) Theory, a novel approach for quantifying code quality by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Vincil Bishop , Steven J Simske

Software cost estimation is one of the prerequisite managerial activities carried out at the software development initiation stages and also repeated throughout the whole software life-cycle so that amendments to the total cost are made. In…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Efi Papatheocharous , Harris Papadopoulos , Andreas S. Andreou

According to a study of The Standish Group International, 44% of software projects cost more and last longer than expected. More accurate the effort estimation is; the better the enterprise gets organized and the more the software project…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-09-03 S Laqrichi , Didier Gourc , François Marmier

Inference-time scaling techniques have shown promise in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). While recent research has primarily focused on training-time optimization, our work highlights inference-time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Jiachun Li , Pengfei Cao , Zhuoran Jin , Yubo Chen , Jiexin Xu , Huaijun Li , Xiaojian Jiang , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

This paper presents a refined complexity calculus model: r-Complexity, a new asymptotic notation that offers better complexity feedback for similar programs than the traditional Bachmann-Landau notation, providing subtle insights even for…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Rares Folea , Emil-Ioan Slusanschi

Effort estimation is a key factor for software project success, defined as delivering software of agreed quality and functionality within schedule and budget. Traditionally, effort estimation has been used for planning and tracking project…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-01-24 Adam Trendowicz , Jürgen Münch , Ross Jeffery

A cornerstone of the worldwide transition to smart grids are smart meters. Smart meters typically collect and provide energy time series that are vital for various applications, such as grid simulations, fault-detection, load forecasting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Moritz Weber , Marian Turowski , Hüseyin K. Çakmak , Ralf Mikut , Uwe Kühnapfel , Veit Hagenmeyer

With the advancement of large language models (LLMs), solving complex reasoning tasks has gained increasing attention. Inference-time computation methods (e.g., Best-of-N, beam search, et al.) are particularly valuable as they can enhance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Fan Liu , Wenshuo Chao , Naiqiang Tan , Hao Liu

The learning curve expresses the error rate of a predictive modeling procedure as a function of the sample size of the training dataset. It typically is a decreasing, convex function with a positive limiting value. An estimate of the…

Applications · Statistics 2012-03-14 Eric B. Laber , Kerby Shedden , Yang Yang

Scrum teams are at the heart of the Scrum framework. Nevertheless, an integrated and systemic theory that can explain what makes some Scrum teams more effective than others is still missing. To address this gap, we performed a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Christiaan Verwijs , Daniel Russo

The Unit Commitment (UC) problem is a key optimization task in power systems to forecast the generation schedules of power units over a finite time period by minimizing costs while meeting demand and technical constraints. However, many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Matthias Pirlet , Adrien Bolland , Gilles Louppe , Damien Ernst

Evaluating the financial performance of manufacturing firms requires consideration of both the time value of money and the relative importance of multiple decision criteria. Conventional approaches relying solely on deterministic…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-02-05 Duaa Abdullah , Marwa Abdullah

The pace and volume of code churn necessary to evolve modern software systems present challenges for analyzing the performance impact of any set of code changes. Traditional methods used in performance analysis rely on extensive data…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Gunnar Kudrjavets , Jeff Thomas , Aditya Kumar , Nachiappan Nagappan , Ayushi Rastogi

We consider the problem of assigning tasks efficiently to a set of workers that can exhaust themselves as a result of processing tasks. If a worker is exhausted, it will take a longer time to recover. To model efficiency of workers with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Elif Beray Sariisik , Melih Bastopcu , Nail Akar , Sennur Ulukus

Lately, software development has become a predominantly online process, as more teams host and monitor their projects remotely. Sophisticated approaches employ issue tracking systems like Jira, predicting the time required to resolve issues…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Dimitrios-Nikitas Nastos , Themistoklis Diamantopoulos , Davide Tosi , Martina Tropeano , Andreas L. Symeonidis

Early software effort estimation is a hallmark of successful software project management. Building a reliable effort estimation model usually requires historical data. Unfortunately, since the information available at early stages of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-03-20 Mohammad Azzeh , Ali Bou Nassif

For job scheduling systems, where jobs require some amount of processing and then leave the system, it is natural for each user to provide an estimate of their job's time requirement in order to aid the scheduler. However, if there is no…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Isaac Grosof , Michael Mitzenmacher

Retrieval-augmented generation promises to ground language model outputs in external evidence, yet the field has no reliable way to verify whether retrieved context actually governs generation -- a prerequisite for any high-stakes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Zhe Yu , Wenpeng Xing , Yunzhao Wei , Bo Yang , Chen Ye , Gaolei Li , Meng Han

We propose a multi-criteria Composite Index Method (CIM) to compare the performance of alternative approaches to solving an optimization problem. The CIM is convenient in those situations when neither approach dominates the other when…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-29 Yulan Bai , Eli Olinick
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