English
Related papers

Related papers: Contribution Rate Imputation Theory: A Conceptual …

200 papers

The estimation of project completion time is to be repeated several times in the project planning phase to reach the optimal tradeoff between time, cost, and quality. Estimation procedures provide either an interval or a point estimate. The…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-07-07 Maurizio Naldi , Marta Flamini

In the global economy, credit companies play a central role in economic development, through their activity as money lenders. This important task comes with some drawbacks, mainly the risk of the debtors not being able to repay the provided…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Giorgio Visani , Federico Chesani , Enrico Bagli , Davide Capuzzo , Alessandro Poluzzi

Open source development contains contributions from both hired and volunteer software developers. Identification of this status is important when we consider the transferability of research results to the closed source software industry, as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-10-04 Maëlick Claes , Mika Mäntylä , Miikka Kuutila , Umar Farooq

This paper presents a novel approach named \textbf{C}ontextually \textbf{R}elevant \textbf{I}mputation leveraging pre-trained \textbf{L}anguage \textbf{M}odels (\textbf{CRILM}) for handling missing data in tabular datasets. Instead of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Ahatsham Hayat , Mohammad Rashedul Hasan

Recent explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods for time series primarily estimate point-wise attribution magnitudes, while overlooking the directional impact on predictions, leading to suboptimal identification of significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Hyeongwon Jang , Changhun Kim , Eunho Yang

The rapid adoption of AI-driven automation in IoT environments, particularly in smart cities and industrial systems, necessitates a standardized approach to quantify AIs computational workload. Existing methodologies lack a consistent…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Aasish Kumar Sharma , Michael Bidollahkhani , Julian Martin Kunkel

As demand for computer software continually increases, software scope and complexity become higher than ever. The software industry is in real need of accurate estimates of the project under development. Software development effort…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Halcyon D. P. Carvalho , Marília N. C. A. Lima , Wylliams B. Santos , Roberta A. de A. Fagunde

Clinical decision support using data mining techniques offers more intelligent way to reduce the decision error in the last few years. However, clinical datasets often suffer from high missingness, which adversely impacts the quality of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Xuetong Wu , Hadi Akbarzadeh Khorshidi , Uwe Aickelin , Zobaida Edib , Michelle Peate

Given a batch of human computation tasks, a commonly ignored aspect is how the price (i.e., the reward paid to human workers) of these tasks must be set or varied in order to meet latency or cost constraints. Often, the price is set…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-08-28 Yihan Gao , Aditya Parameswaran

Managing software development productivity and effort are key issues in software organizations. Identifying the most relevant factors influencing project performance is essential for implementing business strategies by selecting and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-01-22 Adam Trendowicz , Michael Ochs , Axel Wickenkamp , Jürgen Münch , Yasushi Ishigai , Takashi Kawaguchi

Motivated and competent team members are a vital part of Agile Software development and make or break any project's success. Motivation is fostered by continuous progress and recognition of efforts. These concepts are founding pillars of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Frederike Ramin , Christoph Matthies , Ralf Teusner

Models for effort and cost estimation are important for distributed software development as well as for collocated software and system development. Standard cost models only insufficiently consider the characteristics of distributed…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-01-14 Ansgar Lamersdorf , Jürgen Münch , Alicia Fernández-del Viso Torre , Carlos Rebate Sánchez , Dieter Rombach

This study aims to assist Company leaders and management team in providing more accurate time and cost estimations for future software projects. This paper focuses on analyzing the relationship between project complexity and cost and time…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Mahta Taghi Zadeh , Rasha Kashef

Process Reward Models (PRMs) have emerged as a promising approach to enhance the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by guiding their step-by-step reasoning toward a final answer. However, existing PRMs either treat each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Zheng Zhang , Ziwei Shan , Kaitao Song , Yexin Li , Kan Ren

Test-time compute scaling allocates inference computation uniformly, uses fixed sampling strategies, and applies verification only for reranking. In contrast, we propose a verifier-guided adaptive framework treating reasoning as iterative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Ahsan Bilal , Ahmed Mohsin , Muhammad Umer , Ali Subhan , Hassan Rizwan , Ayesha Mohsin , Dean Hougen

A fundamental unit of work in programming is the code contribution ("commit") that a developer makes to the code base of the project in work. We use statistical methods to derive a model of the probabilistic distribution of commit sizes in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-08-22 Carsten Kolassa , Dirk Riehle , Michel A. Salim

Software effort estimation requires high accuracy, but accurate estimations are difficult to achieve. Increasingly, data mining is used to improve an organization's software process quality, e. g. the accuracy of effort estimations . There…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2013-10-22 Sumeet Kaur Sehra , Jasneet Kaur , Sukhjit Singh Sehra

In large-scale industrial LLM systems, prompt templates often expand to thousands of tokens as teams iteratively incorporate sections such as task instructions, few-shot examples, and heuristic rules to enhance robustness and coverage. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Zhentao Xu , Fengyi Li , Albert Chen , Xiaofeng Wang

Multi-step reasoning tasks like mathematical problem solving are vulnerable to cascading failures, where a single incorrect step leads to complete solution breakdown. Current LLM routing methods assign entire queries to one model, treating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Vansh Kapoor , Aman Gupta , Hao Chen , Anurag Beniwal , Jing Huang , Aviral Kumar

This paper introduces a novel approach to addressing uncertainty and associated risks in power system management, focusing on the discrepancies between forecasted and actual values of load demand and renewable power generation. By employing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-12 Rene Carmona , Ronnie Sircar , Xinshuo Yang